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. 2020 Nov 11;9(11):1109. doi: 10.3390/antiox9111109

Figure 9.

Figure 9

3,4DHPAA and 4HPAA increase metabolic enzyme activities in macrophages and hemin reduces them in activated macrophages. Hexokinase activity in (A) macrophages and (B) activated macrophages; pyruvate kinase activity in (C) macrophages and (D) activated macrophages; and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in (E) macrophages and (F) activated macrophages. Enzyme activities were measured in macrophages incubated with 10 µM 3,4DHPAA or 10 µM 4HPAA, in the presence or absence of 10 µM hemin for 72 h. Values with different superscript letters (a, b and c) indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) between groups. For all bars with the same letter, the difference between the means is not statistically significant. 3,4DHPAA, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; 4HPAA, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid; G6PDH, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.