Table 1.
Fatty acid concentration (% of total fatty acids) in human milk, cow milk, goat milk and whole goat milk-based infant formula.
| Human Milk 1 Europe | Human Milk 1 Asia | Cow Milk 2 | Goat Milk 2 | Whole Goat Milk-Based IF 3 48% MF |
Whole Goat Milk-Based IF 4 55% MF | Cow Milk-Based IF Vegetable Oil Only 6 | Cow Milk-Based IF MF 1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Butyric acid C4:0 | ND | ND | 3.2–3.3 | 2.0–2.6 | 1.17 | 3.1 | ND | 2.4 |
| Caproic acid C6:0 | 0.39 | 0.07 | 1.6–2.1 | 2.4–2.9 | 1.06 | 2.5 | ND/0.2 | 1.3 |
| Caprylic acid C8:0 | 0.19 (0.09–0.24) | 0.17 (0.11–0.28) | 1.2–1.3 | 2.7–2.7 | 1.11 | 2.0 | 1.2/2.5 | 1.7 |
| Capric acid C10:0 | 1.29 (0.83–1.63) | 1.31 (0.52–2.48) | 3.0–3.1 | 8.4–9.7 | 3.43 | 7.3 | 1.1/1.8 | 2.2 |
| Lauric acid C12:0 | 5.98 (4.15–8.33) | 5.56 (2.97–13.82) | 3.1–3.3 | 3.3–4.3 | 1.54 | 4.2 | 5.4/13.4 | 6.3 |
| Myristic acid C14:0 | 6.44 (4.98–9.38) | 5.70 (3.50–12.12) | 9.5–12.1 | 9.6–10.3 | 3.68 | 7.0 | 4.6/5.2 | 7.2 |
| Myristoleic acid C14:1 | 0.18 | 0.26 (0.03–1.11) | 0.7–1.1 | 0.09–0.16 | 0.12 | ND | ND/ND | 0.8 |
| Pentadecanoic acid C15:0 | 0.25 (0.16–0.32) | 0.20 (0.08–0.50) | ND | ND | 0.35 | 0.6 | ND/ND | 0.6 |
| Palmitic acid C16:0 | 21.93 (15.43–25.62) | 21.78 (17.55–29.00) | 26.5–32.2 | 24.6–27.7 | 12.30 | 17.0 | 26.3/7.7 | 18.9 |
| Palmitoleic acid C16:1 n-7 | 1.98 (1.65–2.31) | 2.44 (1.29–4.59) | ND | ND | 0.39 | ND | 0.6/0.1 | 1.1 |
| Heptadecanoic acid C17:0 | 0.29 (0.22–0.33) | 0.28 (0.19–0.41) | ND | ND | 0.29 | 0.4 | ND/ND | 0.3 |
| Stearic acid C18:0 | 7.37 (5.58–9.52) | 5.58 (3.90–6.79) | 8.9–14.6 | 9.7–12.5 | 5.89 | 6.3 | 5.3/3.2 | 6.7 |
| Oleic acid C18:1 n-9 | 36.30 (28.93–41.69) | 30.80 (21.85–36.96) | 19.3–24.1 | 19.4–24.0 | 40.65 | 31.0 | 37.6/43.3 | 28.1 |
| Linoleic acid C18:2 n-6 | 13.99 (10.16–16.59) | 16.90 (7.53–24.29) | ND | ND | 10.79 | 14.0 | 14.0/20.5 | 16.7 |
| Conjugated linoleic acid C18:2 c9, t11 | 0.27–0.49 5 | ND | 0.1–1.9 | 0.4–3.7 | 0.33 | ND | ND/ND | ND |
| α-linolenic acid C18:3 n-3 | 0.76 (0.49–1.05) | 1.47 (0.35–4.06) | ND | ND | 1.58 | 1.2 | 1.6/1.8 | 1.5 |
| Arachidic acid C20:0 | 0.21 (0.14–0.31) | 0.32 (0.03–2.97) | ND | ND | 0.24 | 0.3 | ND/0.3 | 0.3 |
| Arachidonic acid C20:4 n-6 | 0.47 (0.37–0.64) | 0.64 (0.30–2.57) | ND | ND | 0.45 | ND | 0.3/0.3 | ND |
| Eicosapentaenoic acid C20:5 n-3 | 0.09 (0.05–0.13) | 0.31 (0.07–1.59) | ND | ND | 0.12 | ND | ND/0.0 | ND |
| Behenic acid C22:0 | 0.09 (0.05–0.13) | 0.08 (0.05–0.14) | ND | ND | 0.33 | ND | ND/0.4 | 0.1 |
| Docosahexaenoic acid C22:6 n-3 | 0.28 (0.18–0.42) | 0.55 (0.19–1.13) | ND | ND | 0.44 | ND | 0.2/0.2 | ND |
| Tetracosanoic acid C24:0 | 0.07 (0.03–0.16) | 0.07 (0.01–0.14) | ND | ND | 0.21 | ND | ND/0.1 | ND |