. 2020 Nov 14;9(11):1663. doi: 10.3390/foods9111663

Table 5.

Effect of different forms of flaxseed on the serum biochemical profile of Hy-line brown hens.

		Groups						p-Value
	Weeks	NC	PC	FS	ESM	FSO	Mean	Groups	Weeks	Groups × Weeks
TC (mmol/L)	4	6.75 ± 0.25 ^a	4.28 ± 0.24 ^b	3.12 ± 0.47 ^b	3.18 ± 0.53 ^b	3.27 ± 0.51 ^b	4.12 ^A	<0.001	0.001	1.000
	6	6.71 ± 0.32 ^a	4.36 ± 0.29 ^b	3.11 ± 0.19 ^c	3.15 ± 0.18 ^c	3.22 ± 0.17 ^c	4.11 ^A
	8	6.70 ± 0.38 ^a	4.19 ± 0.36 ^b	2.94 ± 0.16 ^c	2.94 ± 0.16 ^c	2.88 ± 0.13 ^c	3.93 ^A
	10	6.13 ± 0.38 ^a	4.21 ± 0.34 ^b	2.87 ± 0.19 ^c	2.84 ± 0.21 ^c	2.68 ± 0.23 ^c	3.75 ^AB
	12	5.97 ± 0.15 ^a	3.74 ± 0.23 ^b	2.57 ± 0.29 ^c	2.35 ± 0.27 ^c	2.29 ± 0.28 ^c	3.39 ^B
	Mean	6.45 ^A	4.16 ^B	2.93 ^C	2.90 ^C	2.87 ^C
TG (mmol/L)	4	17.27 ± 0.71 ^a	15.43 ± 0.36 ^b	13.77 ± 0.29 ^c	13.88 ± 0.40 ^c	13.55 ± 0.23 ^c	14.78 ^A	<0.001	<0.001	0.825
	6	17.21 ± 1.01 ^a	15.37 ± 0.40 ^b	13.70 ± 0.32 ^c	13.65 ± 0.34 ^c	13.48 ± 0.36 ^c	14.68 ^A
	8	16.54 ± 1.05 ^a	14.71 ± 0.41 ^a	12.54 ± 0.55 ^b	12.38 ± 0.52 ^b	12.21 ± 0.57 ^b	13.67 ^B
	10	17.18 ± 1.65 ^a	14.68 ± 0.31 ^b	11.51 ± 0.51 ^c	11.68 ± 0.44 ^c	11.52 ± 0.34 ^c	13.31 ^B
	12	17.45 ± 1.29 ^a	14.46 ± 0.70 ^b	11.45 ± 0.44 ^c	11.62 ± 0.36 ^c	11.29 ± 0.44 ^c	13.26 ^B
	Mean	17.13 ^A	14.93 ^B	12.64 ^C	12.60 ^C	12.41 ^C
	4	4.38 ± 0.27 ^a	3.13 ± 0.39 ^b	2.88 ± 0.25 ^b	2.71 ± 0.23 ^b	2.65 ± 0.24 ^b	3.15	<0.001	0.286	1.000
LDL-C (mmol/L)	6	4.28 ± 0.30 ^a	3.16 ± 0.22 ^b	2.70 ^b ± 0.15 ^c	2.61 ± 0.16 ^bc	2.45 ± 0.07 ^c	3.04
	8	4.31 ± 0.33 ^a	3.15 ± 0.45 ^b	2.48 ± 0.29 ^b	2.41 ± 0.28 ^b	2.25 ± 0.16 ^b	2.92
	10	4.25 ± 0.29 ^a	3.13 ± 0.24 ^b	2.41 ± 0.20 ^c	2.33 ± 0.18 ^c	2.17 ± 0.22 ^c	2.86
	12	4.28 ± 0.30 ^a	3.11 ± 0.34 ^b	2.45 ± 0.14 ^bc	2.38 ± 0.12^c	2.05 ± 0.17 ^c	2.86
	Mean	4.30 ^A	3.14 ^B	2.56^C	2.49 ^C	2.31 ^C
	4	1.12 ± 0.21 ^b	2.27 ± 0.32 ^a	2.85 ± 0.21 ^a	2.80 ± 0.23 ^a	2.71 ± 0.24 ^a	2.35	<0.001	0.909	1.000
	6	1.21 ± 0.24 ^b	2.27 ± 0.24 ^a	2.76 ± 0.21^a	2.60 ± 0.78 ^a	2.52 ± 0.52 ^a	2.27
HDL-C (mmol/L)	8	1.06 ± 0.20 ^b	2.23 ± 0.15 ^ab	2.89 ± 0.41 ^a	2.56 ± 0.08 ^a	2.28 ± 0.18 ^a	2.20
	10	1.15 ± 0.37 ^b	2.31 ± 0.26 ^a	2.91 ± 0.48 ^a	2.58 ± 0.26 ^a	2.23 ± 0.25 ^a	2.24
	12	1.05 ± 0.21 ^c	2.22 ± 0.23 ^b	2.88 ± 0.23 ^a	2.71 ± 0.14 ^ab	2.38 ± 0.18 ^ab	2.25
	Mean	1.12 ^C	2.26 ^B	2.86^A	2.65 ^AB	2.43 ^B
	4	2.09 ± 0.22 ^a	1.59 ± 0.11 ^b	1.36 ± 0.05 ^bc	1.31 ± 0.04 ^bc	1.12 ± 0.16 ^c	1.49	<0.001	0.668	1.000
VLDL-C (mmol/L)	6	2.09 ± 0.21 ^a	1.55 ± 0.09 ^b	1.36 ± 0.10 ^bc	1.31 ± 0.07 ^bc	1.11 ± 0.13 ^c	1.48
	8	1.92 ± 0.17 ^a	1.59 ± 0.13 ^ab	1.35 ± 0.09 ^bc	1.19 ± 0.08 ^bc	1.02 ± 0.16 ^c	1.43
	10	2.04 ± 0.19 ^a	1.60 ± 0.09 ^ab	1.41 ± 0.11 ^bc	1.13 ± 0.20 ^bc	0.96 ± 0.23 ^c	1.41
	12	2.02 ± 0.18 ^a	1.51 ± 0.11 ^b	1.36 ± 0.12 ^bc	1.02 ± 0.23 ^bc	0.94 ± 0.18 ^c	1.37
	Mean	2.03 ^A	1.56 ^B	1.37 ^AB	1.19 ^CD	1.03 ^D
LPL (U/mL)	4	442.91 ± 5.70 ^b	787.34 ± 25.28 ^a	815.26 ± 33.15 ^a	821.92 ± 17.78 ^a	815.25 ± 13.81 ^a	736.54	<0.001	0.848	0.995
	6	451.99 ± 6.39 ^b	782.33 ± 31.43 ^a	833.92 ± 25.64 ^a	798.59 ± 32.84 ^a	826.92 ± 25.41 ^a	738.75
	8	460.48 ± 12.40 ^b	805.67 ± 35.74 ^a	798.59 ± 16.30 ^a	808.59 ± 11.68 ^a	831.92 ± 25.91 ^a	741.05
	10	452.67 ± 5.89 ^b	784.00 ± 42.73 ^a	793.59 ± 14.99 ^a	801.92 ± 14.37 ^a	795.26 ± 25.84 ^a	725.48
	12	450.62 ± 8.66 ^b	805.83 ± 47.58 ^a	831.92 ± 34.34 ^a	825.99 ±2 0.86 ^a	792.59 ± 20.71 ^a	741.39
	Mean	451.73 ^B	793.03 ^A	811.40 ^A	812.39 ^A	814.66 ^A

NC = negative control, PC = positive control, FS = flaxseed, EFM = extruded flaxseed meal, FSO = flaxseed oil. p < 0.05 n = 6 TC = total cholesterol TG = triglycerides, LDL-C = low density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C = high density lipoprotein cholesterol, VLDL-C = very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, LPL = lipoprotein lipase. Means having similar letters in a row for individual parameters do not differ significantly from one another (p > 0.05). The lowercase letters are for one-way Anova represents weekly analysis. The uppercase letters are for two-way Anova represent the grand mean of groups and weeks.