Table 3.
Ophthalmologic data in the supplemented vs. the non-supplemented participants.
| Variables | T2DM | CG | p-Value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 38-Months | Baseline | 38-Months | End of Study | ||||
| +A/ω3 | −A/ω3 | +A/ω3 | −A/ω3 | +A/ω3 | −A/ω3 | |||
| BCVA RE decimal scale | 0.8 (0.1) | 0.7 (0.1) | 0.6 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.2) | 0.002 ** | 0.002 ** |
| BCVA LE decimal scale | 0.8 (0.2) | 0.7 (0.1) | 0.5 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.2) | 0.8 (0.1) | 0.049 * | 0.001 ** |
| IOP RE mm Hg | 15 (2) | 15 (2) | 15 (2) | 15 (2) | 14 (2) | 15 (3) | 0.415 | 0.432 |
| IOP LE mm Hg | 15 (2) | 16 (2) | 15 (2) | 16 (2) | 13 (2) | 16 (2) | 0.068 | 0.453 |
| CMT RE µm | 252 (32) | 245 (29) | 240 (28) | 251 (33) | 253 (35) | 258 (40) | 0.585 | 0.514 |
| CMT LE µm | 258 (55) | 242 (37) | 236 (46) | 255 (36) | 255 (43) | 249 (35) | 0.539 | 0.561 |
BCVA: Best-corrected visual acuity; RE: Right eye; LE: Left eye; IOP: Intraocular pressure; CMT: Central Macular Thickness; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; CG: Control group. +A/ω3: Daily supplementation with antioxidants/omega 3 fatty acids; −A/ω3: No supplementation regimen. Values are mean (SD) for each eye. p-value (* p < 0.05; ** p ≤ 0.002) reflects statistical differences between the T2DM and CG of participants at the end of the study. Comparisons of BCVA and IOP were made using the Mann–Whitney U test. CMT was compared using the student t-test for unpaired samples.