Table 1.
Characteristics of patients.
| Characteristics | Development Cohort | Validation Cohort | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pCR (n = 369) | Non-pCR (n = 635) | p-Value | pCR (n = 45) | Non-pCR (n = 91) | p-Value | |
| Age (median [IQR]) | 49.00 [41.00, 56.00] | 47.00 [40.00, 54.00] | 0.028 | 50.00 [45.00, 58.00] | 52.00 [46.00, 57.50] | 0.985 |
| Breast volume (cm3) (median [IQR]) | 560.96 [388.82, 770.62] | 580.17 [395.30, 805.52] | 0.548 | 618.33 [427.09, 811.17] | 675.34 [430.01, 944.99] | 0.200 |
| Fat volume (cm3) (median [IQR]) | 415.50 [250.97, 603.07] | 407.79 [263.06, 623.10] | 0.859 | 467.77 [308.59, 567.21] | 508.43 [322.12, 749.08] | 0.289 |
| Normal fibroglandular tissue volume (cm3) (median [IQR]) | 125.32 [88.26, 177.29] | 126.58 [88.27, 178.84] | 0.792 | 115.51 [81.39, 186.44] | 142.64 [87.27, 200.07] | 0.420 |
| Tumor volume (cm3) (median [IQR]) | 9.93 [6.05, 18.21] | 13.45 [7.54, 24.81] | <0.001 | 9.67 [6.75, 19.48] | 14.62 [6.65, 22.13] | 0.184 |
| Tumor-fat interface volume (cm3) (median [IQR]) |
1.64 [0.86, 2.85] | 1.93 [1.08, 3.66] | 0.003 | 1.36 [0.83, 2.21] | 2.26 [1.33, 3.66] | 0.004 |
| Operation method | <0.001 | >0.999 | ||||
| Breast-conserving surgery | 298 (80.8) | 361 (56.9) | 33 (73.3) | 68 (74.7) | ||
| Mastectomy | 71 (19.2) | 274 (43.1) | 12 (26.7) | 23 (25.3) | ||
| BMI | 23.60 [21.80, 25.83] | 23.63 [21.67, 26.13] | 0.817 | 25.22 [22.43, 27.73] | 24.95 [23.18, 27.76] | 0.627 |
| BMI | 0.775 | >0.999 | ||||
| <25 (kg/m2) | 240 (65.0) | 420 (66.1) | 22 (48.9) | 46 (50.5) | ||
| ≥25 (kg/m2) | 129 (35.0) | 215 (33.9) | 23 (51.1) | 45 (49.5) | ||
| NAC regimen | <0.001 | 0.004 | ||||
| AC-T | 133 (36.0) | 443 (69.8) | 17 (37.8) | 56 (61.5) | ||
| AC-T/Herceptin | 111 (30.1) | 132 (20.8) | 9 (20.0) | 16 (17.6) | ||
| TCHP | 122 (33.1) | 55 (8.7) | 19 (42.2) | 15 (16.5) | ||
| AC | 3 (0.8) | 5 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (4.4) | ||
| cT stage at diagnosis | <0.001 | 0.671 | ||||
| 1 | 20 (5.4) | 26 (4.1) | 2 (4.4) | 3 (3.3) | ||
| 2 | 260 (70.5) | 381 (60.0) | 33 (73.3) | 59 (64.8) | ||
| 3 | 82 (22.2) | 181 (28.5) | 9 (20.0) | 24 (26.4) | ||
| 4 | 7 (1.9) | 47 (7.4) | 1 (2.2) | 5 (5.5) | ||
| cN stage at diagnosis | <0.001 | 0.901 | ||||
| 0 | 58 (15.7) | 58 (9.1) | 4 (8.9) | 6 (6.6) | ||
| 1 | 131 (35.5) | 193 (30.4) | 31 (68.9) | 60 (65.9) | ||
| 2 | 129 (35.0) | 228 (35.9) | 4 (8.9) | 10 (11.0) | ||
| 3 | 51 (13.8) | 156 (24.6) | 6 (13.3) | 15 (16.5) | ||
| Estrogen receptor | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Positive | 122 (33.1) | 329 (51.8) | 16 (35.6) | 64 (70.3) | ||
| Negative | 247 (66.9) | 306 (48.2) | 29 (64.4) | 27 (29.7) | ||
| Progesterone receptor | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Positive | 61 (16.5) | 258 (40.6) | 12 (26.7) | 55 (60.4) | ||
| Negative | 308 (83.5) | 377 (59.4) | 33 (73.3) | 36 (39.6) | ||
| HER2 | <0.001 | 0.003 | ||||
| Positive | 233 (63.1) | 187 (29.4) | 28 (62.2) | 31 (34.1) | ||
| Negative | 136 (36.9) | 448 (70.6) | 17 (37.8) | 60 (65.9) | ||
| Ki-67 | 0.007 | 0.012 | ||||
| ≥20% | 336 (91.1) | 539 (84.9) | 43 (95.6) | 72 (79.1) | ||
| <20% | 33 (8.9) | 96 (15.1) | 2 (4.4) | 19 (20.9) | ||
| Molecular subtype | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| HR+/HER2− | 38 (10.3) | 236 (37.2) | 5 (11.1) | 45 (49.5) | ||
| HR+/HER2+ | 89 (24.1) | 105 (16.5) | 13 (28.9) | 20 (22.0) | ||
| HR−/HER2+ | 144 (39.0) | 82 (12.9) | 15 (33.3) | 11 (12.1) | ||
| HR−/HER2− | 98 (26.6) | 212 (33.4) | 12 (26.7) | 15 (16.5) | ||
| Menopausal status | 0.027 | >0.999 | ||||
| Postmenopausal | 170 (46.1) | 246 (38.7) | 24 (53.3) | 48 (52.7) | ||
| Premenopausal | 199 (53.9) | 389 (61.3) | 21 (46.7) | 43 (47.3) | ||
| Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) | 0.579 | 0.465 | ||||
| 1 | 166(45.0) | 290(45.7) | 27 (60.0) | 43 (47.3) | ||
| 2 | 102 (27.6) | 156 (24.6) | 11 (24.4) | 26 (28.6) | ||
| 3 | 52 (14.1) | 88 (13.9) | 6 (13.3) | 15 (16.5) | ||
| 4 | 49 (13.3) | 101 (15.9) | 1 (2.2) | 7 (7.7) | ||
| Mammographic breast density | 0.788 | 0.695 | ||||
| 1 | 7 (1.9) | 11 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.1) | ||
| 2 | 57 (15.4) | 114 (18.0) | 7 (15.6) | 13 (14.3) | ||
| 3 | 183 (49.6) | 305 (48.0) | 18 (40.0) | 45 (49.5) | ||
| 4 | 122 (33.1) | 205 (32.3) | 20 (44.4) | 32 (35.2) | ||
NOTE: Unless otherwise noted, data indicate numbers of patients with percentages in parentheses. IQR, interquartile range; BMI, body mass index.