Table 2.
Characteristics of the included studies with adult and children participants.
| First Author, Year | Mean Sample Age | Intervention | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hall, 2015 [45] | Mixed (19.7 ± 2.2) | Strength endurance exercise, 6 weeks, 3 × week, 2–4 sets, 10–15 repetitions. Elastic resistance exercise for ankle muscles. | ↑ total Y-test score (+4.6 cm) |
| Tay, 2019 [46] | Mixed (23.0 ± 1.7) | Power training, 6 weeks, 2 × week, 30 min, 3 sets, 8 repetitions, intensity 7/10 RPE, resistance machine, and free-weight exercises for lower limbs and trunk | ↑ total Y-test score (+5.2 cm) ↑ SEBT scores (A: +4.1 cm. PM: +5.5 cm. PL: +6 cm) |
| Asadi, 2015 [30] | Male (20.1 ± 0.8) | Speed-power training, 6 weeks, 2 × week, 60 min, 3 sets, 20 repetitions, bodyweight plyometric exercises (various jumps). | ↑ SEBT scores (A: +13.83 cm. PM: +3.12 cm. PL: +2.53 cm) |
| Leavey, 2010 [47] | Mixed (22.1 ± 1.5) | Power training, 6 weeks, 3 × week, 3–4 sets, 10–20 repetitions, 50–70% 1RM. Bodyweight and elastic resistance exercises for lower limbs, with most focus on hip abductors. | ↑ SEBT scores (A: +1.53 cm. PM: +3.38 cm. PL: +6.24 cm) |
| Ozmen, 2016 [28] | Mixed (10.9 ± 0.3) | Power training, 6 weeks, 2 × week, 1 set, 20 repetitions, bodyweight exercises for trunk and lower limbs, focusing on abdominal, low-back, and pelvic muscles. | ↑ SEBT scores (A: +7.47 cm. PM: +5.69 cm. PL: +4.78 cm) |
| Smith, 2018 [48] | Mixed (20.1 ± 1.7) | Strength endurance exercise, 4 weeks, 3 × week, 3 sets, 20 repetitions, elastic resistance exercises for hip muscles. | ↑ SEBT scores (A: +7.4 cm. PM: +9.4 cm. PL: +12.4 cm) |
| Yoo, 2018 [29] | Mixed (19.2 ± 0.8) | Strength endurance exercise, 6 weeks, 3 × week, 60 min, 3 sets, 15 repetitions, 20% 1RM, compound free weight and resistance machine exercises for lower limb muscles. | ↓ CoP ML V (−0.77 cm/s) ↓ CoP AP Area (−0.65 cm2) No change in CoP ML Area (−0.1 cm2) |
SEBT—star-excursion balance test; A—anterior; PM—posterior-medial; PL—posterior-latera1; RM—one-repetition maximum; RPE—rate of perceived exertion. ↑—increase of the respective outcome measure; ↓—decrease of the respective outcome measure.