Table 1.

The role of CXCL (CXC chemokine ligand) in gastric cancer (GC).

Chemokines	Source	Results	References
CXCL1	Concentration in tumor drainage blood and peripheral blood	Lower concentration after treatment Higher concentration in GC relapse	[16]
	Expression	Associated with higher T-stage, venous and lymphatic invasion, age, and metastasis of lymph nodes	[26]
CXCL2	Concentration in tumor drainage blood and peripheral blood	Lower concentration after treatment Higher concentration in GC relapse	[16]
	Expression	Associated with lower T-stage	[26]
CXCL4	Concentration in tumor drainage blood and peripheral blood	Lower concentration after treatment Higher concentration in GC relapse	[16]
CXCL5	Concentration in tumor drainage blood and peripheral blood	Lower concentration after treatment Higher concentration in GC relapse	[16]
	Serum concentration	Elevated in advanced GC, correlated with presence of distant metastasis and T-stage	[24]
		Higher in IIIB and IV stages of GC than in benign conditions	[25]
	Expression	Correlated with N-stage, higher in N2 and N3	[25]
CXCL7	Concentration in tumor drainage blood and peripheral blood	Higher concentration in GC relapse	[16]
	Expression	Associated with older age, presence of metastasis, and invasion of the lymph nodes, venous invasion and negative cytology of peritoneum	[26]
CXCL8	Concentration in tumor drainage blood and peripheral blood	Lower concentration after treatment Higher concentration in GC relapse	[16]
	Serum concentration	Elevated in advanced stage of GC	[10]
		Higher in patients with H. pylori and GC	[27]
		Higher in GC than peptic ulcer disease and control group	[28]
		Higher concentration correlated with H. pylori infection	[28,29]
CXCL9	Concentration in tumor drainage blood and peripheral blood	Lower concentration after treatment Higher concentration in GC relapse	[16]
CXCL10	Concentration in tumor drainage blood and peripheral blood	Lower concentration after treatment Higher concentration in GC relapse	[16]
CXCL11	Concentration in tumor drainage blood and peripheral blood	Lower concentration after treatment	[16]
CXCL12	Concentration in tumor drainage blood and peripheral blood	Higher concentration in GC relapse	[16]
	Serum concentration	Elevated in advanced GC, correlated to presence of distant metastasis and nodal involvement	[24]
CXCL13	Concentration in tumor drainage blood and peripheral blood	Lower concentration after treatment Higher concentration in GC relapse	[16]
CXCL14	Concentration in tumor drainage blood and peripheral blood	Higher concentration in GC relapse	[16]

H. pylori—Helicobacter pylori. T-stage—depth of tumor invasion. N-stage—presence of lymph node metastasis.