Figure 1.

Proposed mechanisms of Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) activity. ↓—reduction, ↑—increase, GSH—glutathione, MDA—malondialdehyde, ROS—reactive oxygen species, SP—senile plaques, Aβ—amyloid β, HIF1α—hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, BDNF—brain-derived neurotrophic factor, VEGF-A—vascular endothelial growth factor-A, IL-6—interleukin 6, TNFα—tumor necrosis factor α, VCAM-1—vascular cell adhesion protein, MCP-1—monocyte chemotactic protein-1. The differences in colors of Figure 1 have been used for aesthetic purposes only.