Figure 2.

An overview of potential applications for fluorescent PSC-CMs reporter lines. (A) Stage-specific fluorescent reporters provide insights into cardiac development, which help improve PSC-CM differentiation protocols. (B) CM-specific PSC-CM fluorescent reporter lines facilitate FACS-based CM isolation. Purification that is based on a pan-cardiac promoter activity yields mixed types of CMs, each of which can be further selected by using subtype-specific PSC-CM reporter lines. (C) Optical action potential and Ca²⁺ dynamic measurements can be made using PSC-CMs lines expressing fluorescent voltage (first panel) and fluorescent Ca²⁺ sensors (second panel). Optogenetic technology aids in spatiotemporal CM activation, which can be used to pace CMs optically for rate-sensitive electrophysiology (third panel). Fluorescent tagging of the sarcomere components such as titin allows a real time observation of CM contractility (fourth panel). Exploiting the advantages of fluorescent PSC-CM reporter lines for cell purification and functional investigation facilitate (D) cardiac tissue repair, (E) disease modelling and (F) high throughput drug screening.