Table 1.
Descriptive statistics at baseline.
| Variables | IST Group (n = 26) |
UCTM Group (n = 26) |
Control Group (n = 26) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years (mean ± SD) | 59.31 ± 12.41 | 58.92 ± 11.75 | 61.65 ± 15.77 |
| Sex (n and %) | |||
| Man | 5 (19.2%) | 5 (19.2%) | 4 (15.4%) |
| Woman | 21 (80.8%) | 21 (80.8%) | 22 (84.6%) |
| Work activity (n and %) | |||
| Active | 12 (46.2%) | 11 (42.3%) | 9 (34.6%) |
| Not working | 14 (53.8%) | 15 (57.7%) | 17 (65.4%) |
| Work with manual loads (n and %) | |||
| Yes | 7 (26.9%) | 8 (30.8%) | 3 (11.5%) |
| No | 17 (65.4%) | 13 (50%) | 21 (80.8%) |
| Varied | 2 (7.7%) | 5 (19.2%) | 2 (7.7%) |
| Analgesic medication (n and %) | |||
| Yes | 16 (61.5%) | 10 (38.5%) | 15 (57.7%) |
| No | 10 (38.5%) | 16 (61.5%) | 11 (42.3%) |
| FRT Restricted Side (n and %) | |||
| Right | 15 (57.7%) | 19 (73.1) | 18 (69.2%) |
| Left | 11 (42.3%) | 7 (26.9) | 8 (30.8%) |
| Duration of symptoms in months (mean ± SD) |
25.73 ± 25.21 | 24.88 ± 23.78 | 19.81 ± 19.25 |
| Global Cervical Spine ROM (°) (mean ± SD) |
|||
| Flexion | 55.50 ± 12.04 | 60.29 ± 14.62 | 59.42 ± 9.67 |
| Extension | 34.86 ± 8.46 | 40.44 ± 8.01 | 39.56 ± 9.63 |
| Lateral Flexion (Right) | 26.38 ± 6.65 | 29.33 ± 9.97 | 26.65 ± 6.77 |
| Lateral Flexion (Left) | 26.31 ± 7.88 | 30.19 ± 8.62 | 28.56 ± 7.80 |
| Rotation (Right) | 45.56 ± 8.54 | 50.48 ± 11.46 | 49.83 ± 8.08 |
| Rotation (Left) | 46.19 ± 12.78 | 53.48 ± 12.79 | 50.83 ± 12.55 |
| Upper Cervical Spine ROM (°) (mean ± SD) |
|||
| Flexion | 10.54 ± 5.28 | 11.94 ± 4.58 | 12.42 ± 5.60 |
| Extension | 9.96 ± 4.36 | 10.35 ± 4.38 | 11.61 ± 4.28 |
| FRT More restricted | 23.92 ± 6.44 | 25.52 ± 7.65 | 25.35 ± 6.38 |
| FRT Less restricted | 36.04 ± 7.28 | 38.23 ± 6.14 | 37.19 ± 7.04 |
| Neck Disability Index (n and %) | |||
| No Disability | 3 (11.5%) | 2 (7.7%) | 1 (3.8%) |
| Mild Disability | 10 (28.5%) | 14 (53.8%) | 17 (65.4%) |
| Moderate Disability | 12 (46.2%) | 8 (30.8%) | 7 (26.9%) |
| Severe Disability | 1 (3.8%) | 1 (3.8%) | 1 (3.8%) |
| Complete Disability | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.8%) | 0 (0%) |
Abbreviations: IST, inhibitory suboccipital technique; UCTM, upper cervical translatoric mobilization; FRT, flexion–rotation test; ROM, range of motion.