Table 3.
Vitamin content in almonds.
| Nutrient | Range of Means | Origin | Variability Sources | References | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mg/100 g Almonds | mg/100 g Almond Oil | Variety | Environment | Extraction Method | |||
| Vitamin E homolog | |||||||
| Total tocopherols | 50.1–49.0 | Spain | Yes | Yes | - | [12] | |
| α-tocopherol | 24.2 | - | - | - | - | [84] | |
| 17.4 | - | - | - | - | [85] | ||
| 37.0–57.1 | Argentina | Yes | Yes | - | [30] | ||
| 18.0–32.0 | California | Yes | Yes | - | [9] | ||
| 30.9–65.7 | Morocco | Yes | Yes | - | [42] | ||
| 31.3–54.6 | Morocco | Yes | Yes | - | [86] | ||
| 34.9 | California | - | - | - | [83] | ||
| 5.96–19.42 | Portugal | Yes | - | - | [58] | ||
| 27–38 | Portugal | Yes | Yes | - | [46] | ||
| 42.0–54.2 | Spain | Yes | - | - | [35] | ||
| 23.7–37.4 | Spain | Yes | - | - | [35] | ||
| 14.18–17.96 | Yes | - | Yes | [87] | |||
| β-tocopherol | 3.1 | - | - | - | - | [84] | |
| 1.7 | - | - | - | - | [85] | ||
| 0.18–0.24 | Portugal | Yes | Yes | - | [46] | ||
| ϓ-tocopherol | 3.1 | - | - | - | - | [84] | |
| 5.7 | - | - | - | - | [85] | ||
| 0.54–4.25 | Morocco | Yes | Yes | - | [86] | ||
| 0.7–2.1 | Portugal | Yes | Yes | - | [46] | ||
| 1.4 | California | - | - | - | [83] | ||
| 0.67–2.79 | Spain | Yes | - | - | [35] | ||
| 0.17–1.4 | Spain | Yes | - | - | [35] | ||
| δ-tocopherol | n.d. | - | - | - | - | [84] | |
| 1.7 | - | - | - | - | [85] | ||
| 0.017–0.24 | Morocco | Yes | Yes | - | [86] | ||
| 0.02–0.05 | Portugal | Yes | Yes | - | [46] | ||
| α-tocotrienol | Traces | - | - | - | - | [85] | |
| 0.04–0.2 | Portugal | Yes | Yes | - | [46] | ||
| 0.3–0.5 | Spain | Yes | - | - | [35] | ||
| ϓ-tocotrienol | 0.11–0.24 | Portugal | Yes | Yes | - | [46] | |
| Other vitamins | |||||||
| Biotin | 0.01–0.05 | California | - | - | - | [17] | |
| 0.12–0.90 | Italy | - | - | - | [88] | ||
| Folate | 0.10–0.13 | California | - | - | - | [17] | |
| Niacin (B3) | 3.3–3.7 | California | - | - | - | [17] | |
| 1.5–3.4 | Italy | - | - | - | [88] | ||
| 1.40–5.02 | California | Yes | Yes | - | [9] | ||
| Pantotenic acid | 0.36–0.38 | California | - | - | - | [17] | |
| Pyridoxine (B6) | 0.16 | California | - | - | - | [17] | |
| 0.186 | California | - | - | - | [83] | ||
| Riboflavin (B2) | 1–1.1 | California | - | - | - | [17] | |
| 0.58–2.27 | California | Yes | Yes | - | [9] | ||
| 1.432 | California | - | - | - | [83] | ||
| Thiamine (B1) | 0.19–0.25 | California | - | - | - | [17] | |
| 0.192 | California | - | - | - | [83] | ||