Table 1.
Analytical methods used for the analysis of marine-derived compounds in biomaterials.
| Method | Recovery (%) | Linearity Range (µg/mL) | Compound | Source | Biomaterial | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biomarker assay Anti-Xa activity |
- | 0.027–0.217 | Fucoidan | Brown algae Fucus vesiculosus | Plasma, Tissue | [27] |
| Biomarker assay Anti-Xa activity |
- | 0.014–1.13 * | Fucoidan | Brown algae Fucus vesiculosus | Skin Tissue | [28] |
| Biomarker assay Dypeptydylpeptidase IV inhibition | - | 1.9–710 | Lipid extract of gonads | Sea urchins Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis |
Plasma | [29] |
| Biomarker assay Lactate dehydrogenase activity | - | 0.01–7.05 | Glycopeptide | Sea urchins Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis |
Plasma Tissue |
[30] |
| Competitive ELISA | - | 0.078–80 | Fucoidan | Brown algae Undaria pinnatifida | Plasma | [31] |
| Fluorescent labeling | - | - | Fucoidan | Brown algae Fucus vesiculosus | Plasma Organs |
[32] |
| Gas chromatography | 82–87 | 0.3–10 | Halomon | Brown algae Fucus vesiculosus | Plasma Organs |
[33] |
| HPLC with derivatization | 96.6–106.4 | 0–80 *** | Fucoidan | Laminaria japonica | Plasma | [34] |
| HPLC with fluorescence detection | 93.3–96.5 | 0.5–100 | Fucoidan | Laminaria japonica | Plasma | [35] |
| HPLC with postcolumn fluorescence derivatization | 95.5–99.2 | 0.5–150 | Fucoidan | Laminaria japonica | Serum | [36] |
| HPLC with UV detection | 86.2–100.1 | 0.5–500 | Diindolinonepyrane (2,5-BHPA) | Marine fungi Stachybotrys longispora | Plasma | [37] |
| HPLC-ELSD | 90.0 | 0.1–5 0.1–20 |
Echinoside A Holotoxin A1 |
Sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus |
Plasma | [38] |
| HPLC-ESI-MS | 85.0 | 0.3–20 0.2–10 |
Echinoside A holothurin A | Sea cucumbers Pearsonothuria graeffei |
Serum, liver | [39] |
| HPLC-ESI-MS | 96.6–102.3 | 0.5–500 | 2,5-BHPA | Marine fungi Stachybotrys longispora | Plasma | [40] |
| LC-MS/MS | 88.0 | 0.025–0.25 | Frondoside A | Sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa |
Plasma | [41] |
| LC-MS/MS | 92.9–101 84.7–91.6 |
0.00153–0.72 0.00117–0.6 |
Fucoxanthin Fucoxanthinol |
Plasma | [42] | |
| LC-MS/MS | 80.0 | 1.0–100 | Sodium alginate | - | Plasma, urine | [43] |
| LC-MS/MS | 69 91 |
0.005–0.1 0.00125–0.125 |
Aplidine (dehydrodidemnin B) | Mediterranean tunicate Aplidium albicans | Plasma, urine | [44] |
| LC-MS/MS | 90–101 90–94 |
0.01–5 ** 0.5–50 ** |
Sesterterpene MHO7 (6-epi-ophiobolin G) | Mangrove fungus Aspergillus ustus |
Plasma tissues |
[45] |
| LC-MS/MS | - | 0.002–0.8 | Ilimaquinone Epimers | Marine Sponge Hippiospongia metachromia |
Plasma | [46] |
| MALDI-MS | - | 0.001–1.000 | Cucumarioside A2-2 | Sea cucumber Cucumaria japonica | Tissue | [47] |
| RIA | - | 10 pg–10 ng | Didemnin B | Caribbean tunicate (sea squirt) Trididemnum solidum | Plasma | [48] |
| Sandwich ELISA | 97–105 86–113 97–98 |
0.001–0.1 | Fucoidan | Brown algae Cladosiphon okamuranus | Serum, plasma, urine |
[49] |
| TRA | 77.4 | - | Aplidin (Plitidepsin) |
- | Urine | [48] |
* Linearity range in mg/g, ** linearity range in μM/L, and *** linearity range by fucose. –, no data provided by authors, TRA, total radioactivity analysis; RIA, radioimmunoassay; MALDI, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization; IMS, MALDI imaging mass spectrometry; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; LC, liquid chromatography; ELSD, evaporative light-scattering detection; MS, mass spectrometry; 2,5-BHPA, 2,5-bis-[8-(4,8-dimethyl-nona-3,7-dienyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-methyl-3-keto-1,2,7,8-tertahydro-6H-pyran[a]isoindol-2-yl]-pentanoic acid.