Skip to main content
. 2020 Nov 13;12(11):3492. doi: 10.3390/nu12113492

Table 5.

Nutrient intake according to grouping of recommended fruits and vegetables intake.

<400 g ≥400 g Unadjusted p-Value (1) Adjusted p-Value (2)
Mean SE Mean SE
Total n = 5364 n = 2972
 Energy (kcal) 1489.49 9.88 1953.77 14.52 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Carbohydrate (g) 263.28 1.78 345.65 2.60 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Protein (g) 47.45 0.37 66.71 0.68 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Fat (g) 22.06 0.29 32.92 0.55 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Calcium (mg) 345.95 3.88 549.34 8.09 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Phosphorus (mg) 754.95 5.83 1113.24 10.22 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Iron (mg) 11.99 0.19 18.18 0.28 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Sodium (mg) 2672.00 30.17 3663.48 51.49 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Potassium (mg) 2051.24 17.31 3669.93 33.65 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Vitamin A (μg RE) 405.54 9.88 763.70 19.18 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Carotene (μg) 2254.53 56.76 4318.12 109.99 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Retinol (μg) 52.70 2.28 90.26 6.05 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Thiamine (mg) 1.28 0.01 1.88 0.02 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Riboflavin (mg) 0.88 0.01 1.39 0.02 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Niacin (mg) 9.79 0.09 15.11 0.17 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Vitamin C (mg) 46.19 0.86 148.68 3.69 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Energy contribution (%, SE)
 Carbohydrate 74.38 0.17 71.84 0.23 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Protein 12.73 0.06 13.57 0.08 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Fat 12.89 0.13 14.59 0.18 <0.0001 0.3377
65–74 years n = 2905 n = 2104
 Energy (kcal) 1593.25 13.59 2031.21 17.54 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Carbohydrate (g) 275.21 2.42 356.56 3.04 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Protein (g) 51.78 0.53 69.78 0.81 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Fat (g) 24.91 0.41 34.99 0.65 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Calcium (mg) 379.23 5.61 570.96 9.37 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Phosphorus (mg) 825.61 8.02 1162.84 11.99 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Iron (mg) 12.82 0.17 18.75 0.37 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Sodium (mg) 2886.34 40.91 3802.07 63.36 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Potassium (mg) 2229.11 22.99 3821.27 41.43 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Vitamin A (μg RE) 441.75 12.32 786.78 23.02 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Carotene (μg) 2434.66 72.36 4414.70 129.11 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Retinol (μg) 59.67 3.01 98.41 8.62 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Thiamine (mg) 1.39 0.02 1.95 0.02 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Riboflavin (mg) 0.97 0.01 1.45 0.02 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Niacin (mg) 10.76 0.12 15.82 0.21 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Vitamin C (mg) 49.70 1.11 154.95 4.21 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Energy contribution (%, SE)
 Carbohydrate 73.32 0.21 71.33 0.26 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Protein 13.01 0.08 13.68 0.09 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Fat 13.67 0.17 14.98 0.21 <0.0001 0.3620
≥75 years n = 2459 n = 868
 Energy (kcal) 1375.45 12.84 1776.76 22.05 <0.0001 0.0006
 Carbohydrate (g) 250.17 2.40 320.73 4.16 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Protein (g) 42.70 0.48 59.69 1.06 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Fat (g) 18.93 0.37 28.17 0.84 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Calcium (mg) 309.38 4.73 499.94 12.65 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Phosphorus (mg) 677.30 7.18 999.85 15.83 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Iron (mg) 11.09 0.33 16.87 0.36 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Sodium (mg) 2436.42 43.54 3346.67 83.64 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Potassium (mg) 1855.75 21.80 3324.00 49.97 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Vitamin A (μg RE) 365.73 13.73 710.93 33.04 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Carotene (μg) 2056.55 77.10 4097.34 195.29 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Retinol (μg) 45.04 3.50 71.63 5.85 0.0007 <0.0001
 Thiamine (mg) 1.17 0.01 1.73 0.03 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Riboflavin (mg) 0.78 0.01 1.25 0.03 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Niacin (mg) 8.73 0.12 13.48 0.25 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Vitamin C (mg) 42.34 1.13 134.36 5.04 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Energy contribution (%, SE)
 Carbohydrate 75.56 0.24 73.01 0.42 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Protein 12.42 0.09 13.31 0.16 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Fat 12.03 0.18 13.68 0.32 <0.0001 0.8242

(1)p-value calculated using t-test; (2)p-value calculated using general lineal model (energy intake was adjusted for gender, age, and food intake; other nutrients were adjusted for gender, age, and energy intake.