Table 2.
Oxidative stress markers in case-control studies.
| IBD Severity |
Control | Saliva | Enzymes | Non-Enzymatic Antioxidants | Lipid Oxidation | Protein Oxidation | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CD (n = 18) |
Healthy (n = 5) |
STIM | TAC (FRAP) ↓ | [81] | |||
| UC (n = 13) |
Healthy (n = 5) |
STIM | TAC (FRAP) ↓ | [81] | |||
| CD(n = 25) CDAI: 262.5 ± 57.7 |
Healthy (n = 25) |
STIM | GPX ↔ SOD ↔ |
[82] | |||
| CD (n = 22) CDAI: 67.2 ± 40.2 |
Healthy (n = 25) |
STIM | GPX ↔ SOD ↔ |
[82] | |||
| CD (n = 16) |
Healthy (n = 16) |
UNST | TAC (FRAP) ↓ | TBARS ↑ | [43] | ||
| UC (n = 16) |
Healthy (n = 16) |
UNST | TAC (FRAP) ↔ | TBARS ↔ | [43] | ||
| CD (n = 32) CDAI: 270.8 ± 31.2 |
Healthy (n = 26) |
UNST | TAC (FRAP) ↔ SH (DTNB) ↓ |
TBARS ↑ | [83] | ||
| CD (n = 26) CDAI: 67.2 ± 21.4 |
Healthy (n = 26) |
UNST | TAC (FRAP) ↔ SH (DTNB) ↔ |
TBARS ↔ | [83] | ||
| CD (n = 28) CDAI: 102.1 ± 84.9 |
Healthy (n = 20) |
UNST | TAC (FRAP) ↓ UA ↓ SH (DTNB) ↔ |
TBARS ↑ | [42] | ||
| CD (n = 29) remission |
Healthy (n = 22) |
UNST | MPO ↔ | TAC (ABTS) ↔ TAC (FRAP) ↓ |
TBARS ↔ | AOPP ↑ AGE ↑ |
[84] |
| CD remission + OFG (n = 14) | OFG (n = 27) |
UNST | MPO ↔ | TAC (ABTS) ↔ TAC (FRAP) ↓ |
TBARS ↔ | AOPP ↔ AGE ↑ |
[84] |
CD: Crohn’s disease, CDAI: Crohn’s disease activity index, UC: ulcerative colitis, OFG: orofacial granulomatosis, UNST: unstimulated (collection), STIM: stimulated (collection), GPX: glutathione peroxidase, SOD: superoxide dismutase, MPO: myeloperoxidase, TAC: total antioxidant capacity, ABTS: 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid, FRAP: ferric-reducing antioxidant power, UA: uric acid, SH: total thiol level (DTNB: 5,5′-dithiobis 2 nitrobenzoic acid), TBARS: thio-barbituric acid reactive substances, AOPP: advanced oxidation protein products, and AGE: advanced glycation end products. ↑: increased; ↓: decreased; ↔: unchanged; >: increased compared with.