Table 2.
Hierarchical regression analyses: Effects of individual background and gratitude variables on subjective well-being (male group; n = 292).
| Variables | Subjective Well-Being | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SWLS | Hope | PA | NA | |||||
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | |
| Individual backgrounds | ||||||||
| Age | −0.008 | −0.078 | −0.034 | −0.090 | 0.079 | 0.099 | −0.363 *** | −0.333 *** |
| Education | 0.088 | 0.073 | 0.114 | 0.084 | 0.096 | 0.083 | −0.139 * | −0.153 * |
| Economic status | 0.138 * | 0.097 | 0.071 | 0.012 | 0.017 | 0.004 | 0.043 | 0.033 |
| Religion (Yes = 1) | 0.125 | 0.026 | 0.070 | −0.031 | 0.132 * | 0.122 | 0.013 | 0.014 |
| Gratitude | ||||||||
| GQ-6 | 0.481 *** | 0.550 *** | 0.146 * | 0.111 | ||||
| GAC | 0.227 *** | 0.121 * | −0.173 ** | −0.224 *** | ||||
| F (df) | 3.037 (4) | 25.063 (5) | 1.601 (4) | 24.857 (5) | 3.598 (4) | 4.218 (5) | 15.405 (4) | 13.517 (5) |
| R2 (ΔR2) | 0.045 (0.030) | 0.368 (0.354) | 0.023 (0.009) | 0.356 (0.342) | 0.052 (0.037) | 0.088 (0.067) | 0.189 (0.177) | 0.236 (0.219) |
* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. β = Standardized coefficient. Model 1 contained individual background variables; Model 2 contained individual background and gratitude variables.