Table 3.
Baseline characteristics and biochemistry of the study participants at fasting.
| Variable | Older Adults (n = 20) | Younger Adults (n = 20) | Effect | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (n = 10) | F (n = 10) | M (n = 10) | F (n = 10) | Age | Sex | Age × Sex | |
| Age (years) | 71.1 ± 0.9 | 69.1 ± 0.7 | 23.3 ± 1.1 | 25.0 ± 0.5 | <0.001 * | 0.857 | 0.031 * |
| Weight (kg) | 80.4 ± 4.1 | 69.4 ± 3.3 | 77.9 ± 3.6 | 62.7 ± 2.4 | 0.185 | <0.001 * | 0.539 |
| Height (cm) | 176.0 ± 2.3 | 165.4 ± 1.6 | 174.4 ± 1.6 | 165.3 ± 2.0 | 0.653 | <0.001 * | 0.696 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.9 ± 1.0 | 25.3 ± 1.0 | 25.6 ± 1.2 | 23.0 ± 0.9 | 0.226 | 0.135 | 0.321 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 90.5 ± 3.5 | 86.3 ± 3.1 | 83.1 ± 3.0 | 75.3 ± 2.0 | 0.004 * | 0.051 | 0.545 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 148 ± 4 | 128 ± 4 | 121 ± 3 | 110 ± 2 | <0.001 * | <0.001 * | 0.189 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 79 ± 3 | 73 ± 3 | 67 ± 1 | 71 ± 2 | 0.004 * | 0.723 | 0.059 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.31 ± 0.32 | 1.47 ± 0.22 | 1.97 ± 0.41 | 1.38 ± 0.28 | 0.358 | 0.490 | 0.234 |
| Fasting Serum Measures | |||||||
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.27 ± 0.18 | 4.74 ± 0.09 | 4.78 ± 0.15 | 4.49 ± 0.13 | 0.014 * | 0.007 * | 0.405 |
| Insulin (µU/mL) | 8.24 ± 1.65 | 6.51 ± 1.38 | 6.24 ± 1.46 | 7.39 ± 1.05 | 0.690 | 0.838 | 0.310 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.75 ± 0.39 | 6.61 ± 0.42 | 4.70 ± 0.33 | 4.57 ±0.27 | <0.001 * | 0.318 | 0.172 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.40 ± 0.18 | 1.85 ± 0.09 | 1.47 ± 0.15 | 1.77 ± 0.14 | 0.960 | 0.006 * | 0.559 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.85 ± 0.39 | 4.40 ± 0.39 | 2.84 ± 0.28 | 2.63 ± 0.26 | <0.001 * | 0.624 | 0.263 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.51± 0.19 | 1.31 ± 0.21 | 1.06 ± 0.15 | 0.79 ± 0.07 | 0.005 * | 0.156 | 0.803 |
Values are means ± SEMs. Data was compared using general linear multivariate analysis of variance with age and sex as fixed factors. * Significant main effects or interactions, p < 0.05. BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; M, males; F, females.