Table 1.
Nutrients and food intake in cancer and control groups.
| Characteristics/Intake | Total Nutrient/Food Intake | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n = 39) Mean ± SE | Cancer (n = 45) Mean ± SE | p-Value | |
| Population characteristics | |||
| HER2- | 29 (64.4 %) | ||
| HER2+ | 16 (35.6 %) | ||
| Age (years) | 43.08 ± 2.16 | 52.84 ± 1.40 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.93 ± 0.44 | 24.20 ± 0.41 | 0.650 |
| Daily Energy and Nutrient Intake | |||
| Calories (Kcal/day) | 2068.97 ± 122.39 | 2539.24 ± 81.71 | 0.002 |
| Carbohydrates (% of energy/day) | 38.13 ± 1.03 | 36.09 ± 0.81 | 0.116 |
| Simple sugars (g/day) | 108.54 ± 8.24 | 101.68 ± 4.89 | 0.477 |
| Protein (% of energy/day) * | 17.54 ± 0.46 | 16.67 ± 0.14 | 0.221 |
| Fiber (g/day) * | 31.49 ± 2.34 | 34.70 ± 2.15 | 0.099 |
| Alcohol (g/day) * | 4.14 ± 0.93 | 11.25 ± 2.52 | 0.134 |
| Fat (% of energy/day) | 39.67 ± 0.96 | 41.42 ± 0.80 | 0.162 |
| SFA (% of energy/day) | 11.00 ± 0.35 | 10.71 ± 0.29 | 0.519 |
| C14:0 (g/day) | 2.00 ± 0.17 | 2.12 ± 0.17 | 0.661 |
| C16:0 (g/day) | 13.19 ± 0.84 | 17.51 ± 0.74 | <0.001 |
| C18:0 (g/day) | 5.66 ± 0.40 | 7.31 ± 0.36 | 0.001 |
| MUFA (% of energy/day) | 18.60 ± 0.63 | 20.05 ± 0.55 | 0.085 |
| C16:1 (g/day) | 1.19 ± 0.08 | 1.59 ± 0.06 | 0.001 |
| C18:1 (g/day) * | 40.48 ± 2.86 | 52.77 ± 1.90 | <0.001 |
| PUFA (% of energy/day) | 6.79 ± 0.33 | 6.81 ± 0.25 | 0.970 |
| W3 (% of energy/day) | 1.15 ± 0.06 | 1.16 ± 0.05 | 0.850 |
| C18:3 (g/day) | 2.04 ± 0.18 | 2.17 ± 0.11 | 0.154 |
| C20:5 (g/day) | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 0.32 ± 0.04 | 0.001 |
| C22:5 (g/day) * | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.002 |
| C22:6 (g/day) | 0.36 ± 0.04 | 0.62 ± 0.05 | <0.001 |
| W6 (% of energy/day) | 5.47 ± 0.28 | 5.45 ± 0.22 | 0.947 |
| C18:2 (g/day) | 12.71 ± 1.11 | 15.26 ± 0.84 | 0.015 |
| C20:4 (g/day) | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.18 ± 0.01 | 0.001 |
| Food Groups (g/day) | |||
| Oily fish | 22.74 ± 2.84 | 27.05 ± 3.41 | 0.069 |
| Lean fish | 28.49 ± 3.01 | 50.06 ± 4.93 | <0.001 |
| Shellfish | 16.82 ± 4.27 | 9.43 ± 1.29 | 0.069 |
| Olive oil | 31.72 ± 2.58 | 45.26 ± 2.18 | <0.001 |
| Sunflower oil | 0.30 ± 0.11 | 2.36 ± 0.82 | 0.037 |
| Nuts | 14.42 ± 2.47 | 13.81 ± 2.02 | 0.522 |
| Fruit | 302.08 ± 33.83 | 310.85 ± 26.05 | 0.263 |
| Vegetables | 315.09 ± 30.35 | 306.27 ± 14.90 | 0.422 |
| Dairy products | 404.47 ± 35.11 | 358.14 ± 37.28 | 0.290 |
| Eggs | 20.04 ± 2.55 | 31.90 ± 1.69 | 0.002 |
| Red meat | 35.96 ± 4.44 | 30.33 ± 2.89 | <0.001 |
| Cold meat | 15.61 ± 2.00 | 28.81 ± 2.41 | <0.001 |
* Not normally distributed variables. SE: standard error.