Table 1.
General Demographics and Characteristics at Time of First TPK.
| Total (19 Patients) | No Recurrence (13 Patients, 68.4%) |
With Recurrence (6 Patients, 31.6%) |
p Value (No Recur vs. with Recur) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (years) | 58.11 ± 19.69 (22–87) | 58.46 ± 20.43 (22–80) | 57.33 ± 19.81 (34–87) | 0.911 * |
| Sex, Male: Female | 11 (27.9%):8 (42.1%) | 10 (76.9%):3 (23.1%) | 1 (16.7%):5 (83.3%) | 0.013 § |
| Laterality, Right: Left | 7 (36.8%):12 (63.2%) | 5 (38.5%):8 (61.5%) | 2 (33.3%):4 (66.7%) | 0.829 § |
| Systemic Conditions | ||||
| Diabetes Mellitus | 1 (5.3%) | 1 (7.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0.485 § |
| Stevens-Johnson Syndrome | 3 (15.8%) | 1 (7.7%) | 2 (33.3%) | 0.311 § |
| History of Herpes Simplex Keratitis | 2 (10.5%) | 2 (15.4%) | 0 (0%) | 0.310 § |
| Current Systemic Immunosuppressant Use | 3 (15.8%) | 3 (23.1%) | 0 (0%) | 0.200 § |
| Ocular Conditions | ||||
| Recent Ocular Trauma | 2 (10.5%) | 2 (15.4%) | 0 (0%) | 0.310 § |
| Current Topical Steroid Use | 7 (36.8%) | 6 (46.2%) | 1 (16.7%) | 0.216 § |
| PKP History | 6 a (31.6%) | 5 (38.5%) | 1 b (16.7%) | 0.342 § |
| Ocular Findings at Presentation | ||||
| BCVA (logMAR) | 2.17 ± 0.55 (0.80–3.00) | 2.26 ± 0.48 (1.70–3.00) | 1.97 ± 0.68 (0.80–2.80) | 0.292 * |
| Hypopyon | 9 (47.4%) | 6 (46.2%) | 3 (50.0%) | 0.280 § |
| Phakia | 14 (73.7%) | 8 (61.5%) | 6 (100%) | 0.077 § |
| Corneal Perforation | 9 (47.4%) | 6 (46.2%) | 3 (50.0%) | 0.876 § |
| Microbiological Profile | ||||
| Only Bacteria | 13 (68.4%) | 9 (69.2%) | 4 (66.7%) | 0.276 § |
| Gram Stain, positive: negative | 11 (57.9%):5 (26.3%) | 9 (69.2%):3 (23.1%) c | 2 (33.3%):2 (33.3%) c | |
| Only Fungus | 2 (10.5%) | 1 (7.7%) | 1 (16.7%) | |
| Bacteria and Fungus Combined | 3 (15.8%) | 3 (23.1%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Not identifiable | 1 (5.3%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (16.7%) | |
| Surgical Methods | ||||
| Time to TPK Since First Symptoms or Signs (days) | 41.26 ± 39.74 (1.00–150.00) | 25.62 ± 13.43 (6.00–60.00) | 75.17 ± 56.88 (1.00–150.00) | 0.086 * |
| Time to TPK ≤ 30 days: > 30 days | 13 (68.4%):6 (31.6%) | 11 (84.6%):2 (4.3%) | 2 (33.3%):4 (66.7%) | 0.025 § |
| Donor Trephine Size (mm) | 8.13 ± 0.36 (7.75–9.00) | 8.17 ± 0.41 (7.75–8.50) | 8.04 ± 0.19 (7.75–8.25) | 0.472 * |
| Recipient Trephine Size (mm) | 7.68 ± 0.36 (7.00–8.50) | 7.71 ± 0.42 (7.00–8.00) | 7.60 ± 0.14 (7.50–7.75) | 0.574 * |
| Combined Lensectomy | 4 (21.1%) | 4 (30.8%) | 0 (0%) | 0.126 § |
a Reasons for prior PKP were bullous keratopathy, corneal opacity, and neurotrophic keratitis. b One Patient, who had prior PKP for perforation due to neurotrophic keratitis, had TPK for uncontrolled fungal (Candida) keratitis and had repetitive fungal (Candida) recurrence. c No recur vs. With Recur, p = 0.248, Pearson chi-square test. BCVA = Best corrected visual acuity, TPK = therapeutic keratoplasty, PKP = penetrating keratoplasty. * t-test p value. § Pearson chi-square test p value.