Table 1.

Cumulative Annual Use Rates of ≥1 Advance Care Planning Visits by Medicare Beneficiary Characteristics, 2016–2018

Characteristic	2016		2016–2017		2016–2018
	No. of eligible beneficiaries	Rate	No. of eligible beneficiaries	Rate	No. of eligible beneficiaries	Rate	Change in rate from 2016 (%)
All	6,460,383	1.7	7,027,342	3.8	7,572,525	5.9	247
Gender
Male	2,949,956	1.6	2,949,956	3.5	2,949,956	5.4	238
Female	3,557,597	1.9	3,557,597	4.1	3,557,597	6.3	232
p-Value		<0.0001		<0.0001		<0.0001
Age
<65	1,120,266	0.8	1,138,575	2	1,215,696	3.2	300
65–74	2,873,947	1.6	3,188,552	3.4	3,496,780	5.1	219
75–84	1,587,234	2.1	1,777,882	4.6	1,963,115	7.2	238
85+	981,979	2.7	1,149,973	5.8	1,303,301	9	237
p-Value		<0.0001		<0.0001		<0.0001
Race
White	5,371,590	1.8	6,097,431	3.8	6,631,817	5.9	228
Black	627,541	1.5	706,351	3.6	771,993	5.8	287
Other	482,815	1.8	549,711	3.9	628,974	5.9	228
p-Value		<0.0001		<0.0001		0.005
Location
Large Central Metro	1,514,506	2.0	1,696,559	4.3	1,880,429	6.7	240
Large Fringe Metro	1,547,576	2.1	172,5045	4.5	1,904,488	6.9	234
Medium Metro	1,497,078	1.6	1,663,771	3.56	1,829,308	5.5	236
Micropolitan	735,552	1.4	804,355	3.0	873,646	4.5	221
Small Metro	793,873	1.7	876,272	3.8	963,302	5.9	247
noncore	443,329	1.1	443,329	2.4	443,329	3.7	251
p-Value		<0.0001		<0.0001		<0.0001
Urban
Urban	5,35,8657	1.9	5,960,347	4.1	6,577,034	6.3	239
Rural	1,174,891	1.3	1,286,746	2.8	1,396,660	4.2	229
p-Value		<0.0001		<0.0001		<0.0001
Region
Midwest	1,477,071	1.0	1,626,031	2.1	1,764,891	3.3	220
Northeast	1,217,127	2.0	1,342,874	4.4	1,471,203	6.8	234
South	2,617,988	2.1	2,920,135	4.5	3,217,041	6.9	234
West	1,220,167	1.7	1,376,704	3.9	1,530,439	6.2	262
Other	15,252.4	0.2	16,453.6	0.6	17,516.9	1.0	326
p-Value		<0.0001		<0.0001		<0.0001