Figure 3.

Levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species in nasal olfactory leukocytes exposed to different oxidative chemical stressors. The level was measured at 24 and 48 h after exposure to 100 µM of PAA (peracetic acid), H₂O₂, and AA (acetic acid) for 30 min. The control group was handled similarly, but without any chemical stimulation. Two-way ANOVA followed by the Holm–Sidak test identified statistical difference amongst the treatment groups over time. Different letters a,b indicate a significant difference at p < 0.05 between groups within a time-point. There was no time-related difference within a treatment group. Results are presented as mean ± SD of 5 wells, with cells from 12 fish.