| AF | Annulus fibrosus |
| BMP | Bone morphogenic protein |
| ECM | Extracellular matrix |
| HGF | Hepatocyte growth factor |
| HIF-1α | Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α |
| IDD | Intervertebral disc degeneration |
| MMP | Matrix metalloprotease |
| NP | Nucleus pulposus |
| OA | Osteoarthritis |
| TNF | Tumor necrosis factor |
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