Table 1.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Inclusion Criteria Item	Description	Justification
Population	Persons aged 5–85	Age limits were based on two considerations: (1) populations exposed to climate change, and therefore, at risk for adverse mental health impacts include all age groups [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]; and (2) target populations of interventions designed to prevent and treat these outcomes including those targeting school-aged youth, adults, and older adults.
Intervention	Universal, selective, and indicated interventions designed to prevent or mitigate symptoms of posttraumatic stress, depression, anxiety, or any forms of psychosocial dysfunction. Interventions designed to treat individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for PTSD, depressive, or anxiety disorders.	Selection of interventions was based on the classification of interventions provided by the National Academy of Sciences [28] and guidelines and recommendations provided by international bodies for addressing mental health outcomes of disasters and other emergencies. These included the World Health Organization [30], United Nations [31,32], and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Joint Medical Committee [33]
Comparisons and outcomes	All reported assessments of mental health outcomes using validated measures	Assessments of efficacy or effectiveness require the use of standardized and validated measures of mental health status to ensure results are valid, replicable, and generalizable.
Study design	Qualitative, mixed methods and quantitative studies such as descriptive studies, research case studies, pre-post trials, RCTs, and evaluation studies	Few interventions have been designed specifically to address the mental health impacts of climate change; hence a decision was made to include exploratory investigations of potential interventions as well as investigations of interventions developed to prevent and treat mental health problems associated with other traumatic events (i.e., civil conflicts, terrorism, manmade disasters, earthquakes).
Articles	English-language articles published in academic journals that follow a peer-review publication process	Although this review did not assess the risk of bias, it did seek to identify studies that adhered to the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki—Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. The selection of peer-reviewed publications helped to ensure a baseline for evaluation of the quality of scientific evidence.
Publication date	2000–2020	A preliminary review of literature reviewed no peer-reviewed publications on the topic appearing prior to 2000.