Table 1.
TRACK-TBI Phase 1 Biomarker Cohort Demographics and Biomarker Analysis
| Demographics | TBI |
Orthopedic controls (n = 122) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CT- (n = 810) | CT+ (n = 549) | |||
| Age (years) Mean (SD) |
37.7 (15.9) | 43.7 (17.9) | 39.2 (15.0) | |
| Range | 17-88 | 17-90 | 17-75 | |
| Sex | ||||
| F | 294 (36.3%) | 141 (25.7%) | 43 (35.3%) | |
| M | 516 (63.7%) | 408 (74.3%) | 79 (64.7%) | |
| Cause of injury | ||||
| RTA | 533 (65.8%) | 282 (51.7%) | 37 (36.3%) | |
| IF | 166 (20.5%) | 170 (31.1%) | 39 (38.2%) | |
| V/A | 42 (5.2%) | 55 (10.1%) | 1 (1.0%) | |
| O | 69 (8.5%) | 39 (7.1%) | 25 (24.5%) | |
| Injury severity | ||||
| GCS 13-15 | 779 (98%) | 358 (74%) | 122 (100%) | |
| GCS 9-12 | 8 (1%) | 40 (8%) | - | |
| GCS 3-8 | 8 (1%) | 85 (18%) | - | |
| Prior TBI | ||||
| Yes | 276 (34.1%) | 118 (21.5%) | 31 (25.4%) | |
| No | 534 (65.9%) | 430 (78.5%) | 91 (74.6%) | |
| Time to blood draw (h)a | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 13.1 (6.8) | 16.1 (5.8) | 13.3 (7.3) | |
| Biomarkers | CT- | CT+ | Orthopedic controls | |
| GFAP (pg/mL) Median (IQR) |
116 (26-397) | 1358 (472-3803) | 13 (7-20) | p < 0.001 |
| S100B (μg/L) Median (IQR) |
0.10 (0.06-0.18) | 0.17 (0.09-0.38) | 0.08 (0.06-0.13) | p < 0.001 |
a
Because of missing data, n = 796 for CT- group; n = 540 for CT+ group.
CT, computed tomography; GCS, Glasgow Coma Score; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; IF, incidental fall; IQR, interquartile range; O, other; RTA, road traffic accident; S100B, S100 calcium-binding protein B; SD, standard deviation; TRACK-TBI, Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury; V/A, violence/assault.