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. 2020 Nov 8;10(2):020434. doi: 10.7189/jogh.10.020434

Table 1.

Composition patterns of the items that compose the SWPER domains with loadings’ equal or above 0.3*

Domains




Attitude to violence
Social independence
Decision-making




Items (key to item names below)†
World region
Country
ISO code
Survey year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
6
7
11
12
13
14
Pooled data set



 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
South Asia
   Afghanistan
AFG
2015
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×


 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Bangladesh
BGD
2014
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   India
IND
2015
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×



 ×
 ×
 ×
   Maldives
MDV
2009
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Nepal
NPL
2016
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×



 ×
 ×
 ×
   Pakistan
PAK
2012
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
East Asia & Pacific
   Cambodia
KHM
2014
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×


 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Indonesia
IDN
2012
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Myanmar
MMR
2015
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Philippines
PHL
2017
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Timor-Leste
TLS
2016
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
Europe & Central Asia
   Albania
ALB
2008
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Armenia
ARM
2015
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×




 ×
 ×
 ×
   Azerbaijan
AZE
2006
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×


 ×
 ×
 ×




 ×
 ×
 ×
   Kyrgyzstan
KGZ
2012
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×



 ×
 ×
 ×
   Moldova
MDA
2005
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×




 ×
 ×
 ×
   Tajikistan
TJK
2012
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×


 ×
 ×



 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
   Ukraine
UKR
2007
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
Middle East & North Africa
   Egypt
EGY
2014
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Morocco
MAR
2003
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
West & Central Africa
   Benin
BEN
2011
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Burkina Faso
BFA
2010
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Cameroon
CMR
2011
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Chad
TCD
2014
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Congo DR
COD
2013
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×



 ×
 ×
 ×
   Cote d’Ivoire
CIV
2011
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Gabon
GAB
2012
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×



 ×
 ×
 ×
   Gambia
GMB
2013
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Ghana
GHA
2014
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Guinea
GIN
2012
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Liberia
LBR
2013
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×



 ×
 ×
 ×
   Mali
MLI
2012
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Niger
NER
2012
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Nigeria
NGA
2013
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Sao Tome & Principe
STP
2008
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×



 ×
 ×
 ×
   Senegal
SEN
2017
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Sierra Leone
SLE
2013
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Togo
TGO
2013
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
Eastern & Southern Africa
   Angola
AGO
2015
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×



 ×
 ×
 ×
   Burundi
BDI
2016
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Comoros
COM
2012
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Ethiopia
ETH
2016
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Kenya
KEN
2014
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Lesotho
LBN
2014
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Madagascar
MDG
2008
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Malawi
MWI
2015
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Mozambique
MOZ
2011
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Namibia
NAM
2013
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×



 ×
 ×
 ×
   Rwanda
RWA
2014
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Eswatini
SWZ
2006
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Tanzania
TZA
2015
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×



 ×
 ×
 ×
   Uganda
UGA
2016
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×



 ×
 ×
 ×
   Zambia
ZMB
2013
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Zimbabwe
ZWE
2015
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
Latin America & Caribbean    Bolivia
BOL
2008
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Dominican Republic
DOM
2013
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Guatemala
GTM
2014
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×


 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×
   Guyana
GUY
2009
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×



 ×
 ×
 ×
   Haiti
HTI
2016
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Honduras
HND
2011
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×


 ×
 ×



 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×
   Nicaragua
NIC
2001
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×
 ×

 ×
 ×
 ×





 ×
 ×
 ×
   Peru PER 2016  ×  ×  ×  ×  ×  ×  ×  ×  ×  ×  ×  ×

*Some items are repeated in the table because they presented a loading equal or above 0.3 in different domains across the countries.

†Key to items numbers: Beating justified if: (1) wife goes out without telling husband; (2) wife neglects the children; (3) wife argues with husband; (4) wife refuses to have sex with husband; (5) wife burns the food. Item (6) frequency of reading newspaper or magazine; (7) woman’s education; (8) age at 1st birth; (9) age at 1st cohabitation; (10) age difference: woman's minus husband's age; (11) education difference: woman’s minus husband’s years of schooling; who usually decides on: (12) respondent’s health care; (13) large household purchases; (14) visits to family or relatives.