Table 1.

Chi-square test results for the difficulties identified by students in the experimental group (EG) and control group (CG) at baseline and follow-up.

Students’ Difficulties	Moment of Assessment		EG		CG		Total		χ2	p
			n	%	n	%	n	%
Initiating communication with elders	Baseline	Yes	10	31.3	14	43.8	24	37.5	1.067	0.302
		No	22	68.8	18	56.3	40	62.5
	Follow-up	Yes	2	6.5	11	37.9	13	21.7	8.748	0.003
		No	29	93.5	18	62.1	47	78.3
Communicating with non-communicative elders	Baseline	Yes	18	56.3	26	81.3	44	68.8	4.655	0.031
		No	14	43.8	6	18.8	20	31.3
	Follow-up	Yes	12	38.7	18	62.1	30	50.0	3.270	0.071
		No	19	61.3	11	37.9	30	50.0
Communicating with elders with aphasia	Baseline	Yes	11	34.4	18	56.3	29	45.3	3.090	0.079
		No	21	65.6	14	43.8	35	54.7
	Follow-up	Yes	12	38.7	21	72.4	33	55.0	6.877	0.009
		No	19	61.3	8	27.6	27	45.0
Communicating with agitated and confused elders	Baseline	Yes	12	37.5	23	71.9	35	54.7	7.630	0.006
		No	20	62.5	9	28.1	29	45.3
	Follow-up	Yes	10	32.3	19	65.5	29	48.3	6.637	0.010
		No	21	67.7	10	34.5	31	51.7
Caring for elders who refuse care	Baseline	Yes	7	21.9	8	25.0	15	23.4	0.087	0.768
		No	25	78.1	24	75.0	49	76.6
	Follow-up	Yes	7	22.6	12	41.4	19	31.7	2.447	0.118
		No	24	77.4	17	58.6	41	68,3

χ², Chi-square test.