Table 7.
Tensile strength, swelling, and water vapor permeability of starch films with chicory root extracts and phytic acid.
| Concentration of Extract | Film | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FW | FWM70/30 | FWM50/50 | FWE | |
| Tensile strength (N) | ||||
| Control | 8.85 ± 0.64 c | 8.85 ± 0.64 c | 8.85 ± 0.64 b | 8.85 ± 0.64 c |
| 0% | 10.72 ± 0.82 b | 10.72 ± 0.82 b | 10.72 ± 0.82 a | 10.72 ± 0.82 b |
| 1% | 8.92 ± 0.47 c A | 7.95 ± 0.62 c A | 7.38 ± 0.60 c B | 6.69 ± 0.57 d B |
| 2% | 9.06 ± 0.88 c A | 8.62 ± 0.55 c A | 7.42 ± 0.39 c B | 7.64 ± 0.63 c,d B |
| 5% | 19.02 ± 1.14 a A | 13.93 ± 0.94 a B | 10.79 ± 0.82 a C | 15.52 ± 2.12 a B |
| Swelling (g/100 g) | ||||
| Control | 167.34 ± 10.77 a | 167.34 ± 10.77 a | 167.34 ± 10.77 a | 167.34 ± 10.77 a |
| 0% | 144.59 ± 9.34 b | 144.59 ± 9.34 b | 144.59 ± 9.34 b | 144.59 ± 9.34 b |
| 1% | 123.75 ± 7.15 c A | 125.07 ± 6.91 c A | 134.06 ± 7.22 b A | 105.45 ± 4.58 c B |
| 2% | 123.30 ± 5.80 c A | 123.08 ± 8.63 c A | 131.65 ± 9.38 b A | 104.84 ± 6.33 c B |
| 5% | 89.22 ± 4.09 d C | 99.35 ± 5.60 d B | 114.24 ± 3.87 c A | 82.85 ± 5.18 d C |
| Water Vapor Permeability (G/[M2*D]) | ||||
| Control | 74.42 ± 5.28 a | 74.42 ± 5.28 a | 74.42 ± 5.28 a | 74.42 ± 5.28 a |
| 0% | 16.25 ± 0.94 b | 16.25 ± 0.94 b | 16.25 ± 0.94 b | 16.25 ± 0.94 b |
| 1% | 14.61 ± 0.75 b,c A | 13.50 ± 0.82 c A | 9.31 ± 0.49 c B | 13.46 ± 1.26 c A |
| 2% | 13.85 ± 0.92 c A | 10.31 ± 0.55 d B | 7.66 ± 0.60 d C | 11.44 ± 0.93 c B |
| 5% | 13.24 ± 1.17 c A | 6.83 ± 0.51 e C | 6.35 ± 0.64 d C | 8.18 ± 0.79 d B |
FW, film with water extract; FWM 70/30, film with water–methanol (70/30, v/v) extract; FWM 50/50, film with water–methanol (50/50, v/v) extract; FWE, film with water–enzyme extract; control, without phytic acid and chicory root extract; 0%, with phytic acid and without chicory root extract. Same superscript letter indicates no statistically significant differences of a given parameter; lowercase letters indicate statistical significance among different concentrations of the same extract, and capital letters indicate the same concentration of different extracts (p < 0.05).