Table 5.
Average abundances (quantifier ion (quantion) intensities) of urinary dicarboxylic acids (DCAs) significantly different when comparing human milk (HM; n = 93), cow’s milk-based formula (MF; n = 80), and soy-formula (SF; n = 76) diet groups of infants at 3 months of age.
| DCAs | HM 1 | SEM 2 | MF 1 | SEM 2 | SF 1 | SEM 2 | FDR 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| methylmalonic acid | 71,256.81 a | 5079.69 | 42,923.66 b | 3670.23 | 42,424.23 b | 2381.65 | <0.01 |
| oxalic acid | 78,654.24 a | 11,197.09 | 76,873.18 b | 9254.18 | 73,285.75 a,b | 10,122.92 | 0.05 |
| succinic acid | 53,680.60 a,b | 4071.73 | 49,757.76 b | 2897.10 | 40,729.92 c | 2349.76 | 0.01 |
1 Mean of normalized (mTIC) peak intensities (mz/rt) for human milk (HM), cow’s milk-based formula (MF), and soy-formula (SF) diet groups after MetaboAnalyst analyses. Means with different letters indicate statistical difference between diet groups. 2 SEM = Standard error of the mean. 3 FDR = Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted p-Value.