Acetyl-CoA	acetyl coenzyme A
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
AICAR	5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide
ALS	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
BBB	Blood–brain barrier
BHB	beta-hydroxybutyrate
BHD	beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase
GLUT-1	glucose transporter type 1
HD	Huntington disease
HMG-CoA	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA
HMGCS2	3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Synthase 2
MCFA	medium-chain fatty acids
MCT	monocarboxylate transporter
PD	Parkinson’s disease
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SCOT	succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid Coenzyme A transferase
SGLT2-i	sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors
TCA	tricarboxylic acid
UCP	uncoupling proteins