Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate analysis of clinical-pathological parameters for the prediction of cancer-specific survival. Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio; AST = aspartate aminotransaminase; ALT = alanine aminotransaminase; UICC = Union for International Cancer Control.
| Cancer Specific Survival | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis * | |||
| HR (95% CI) | p-Value | HR (95% CI) | p-Value | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1 | |||
| Female | 1.22 (0.83–1.79) | 0.307 | ||
| Age at diagnosis | ||||
| <60 | 1 | |||
| >60 | 1.15 (0.81–1.63) | 0.446 | ||
| Body mass index (continuous) | 0.93 (0.89–0.98) | 0.004 | 0.98 (0.93–1.03) | 0.358 |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Former/never | 1 | 1 | ||
| Current | 1.48 (1.00–2.17) | 0.048 | 1.17 (0.75–1.83) | 0.493 |
| Alcohol consumption | ||||
| Former/never | 1 | 1 | ||
| Current | 1.76 (1.24–2.51) | 0.002 | 1.47 (0.99–2.18) | 0.058 |
| Primary site | ||||
| Oropharynx | 1 | 1 | ||
| Oral cavity | 1.69 (1.19–2.40) | 0.002 | 1.93 (1.32–2.82) | 0.001 |
| Tumor grade | ||||
| G 1/2 | 1 | |||
| G 3/4 | 0.99 (0.70–1.42) | 0.984 | ||
| Tumor stage | ||||
| T 1/2 | 1 | 1 | ||
| T 3/4 | 2.20 (1.50–3.23) | <0.001 | 1.24 (0.77–2.01) | 0.379 |
| Nodal involvement | ||||
| N0 | 1 | |||
| N+ | 1.16 (0.73–1.86) | 0.532 | ||
| UICC stage | ||||
| I | 1 | |||
| II | 0.74 (0.14–3.81) | 0.716 | ||
| III | 0.82 (0.19–3.54) | 0.794 | ||
| IV | 1.28 (0.31–5.18) | 0.733 | ||
| Primary treatment | ||||
| Radio(chemo-) therapy | 1 | 1 | ||
| Surgery | 0.36 (0.25–0.52) | <0.001 | 0.34 (0.21–0.55) | <0.001 |
| Induction chemotherapy | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.72 (1.13–2.63) | 0.012 | 1.05 (0.73–1.51) | 0.798 |
| Concomitant chemotherapy | ||||
| No | 1 | |||
| Yes | 1.01 (0.70–1.44) | 0.974 | ||
| Pre-treatment | ||||
| AST/ALR ratio (continuous) | 1.71 (1.38–2.12) | <0.001 | 1.45 (1.12–1.88) | 0.005 |
* Adjustment for all factors significantly associated with cancer-specific survival in univariate analysis.