. 2020 Nov 19;9(11):1609. doi: 10.3390/plants9111609

Table 3.

Effect of methanolic extract of Punica granatum leaves (100, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg; Groups 4–7) on blood glucose and plasma insulin levels in nicotinamide/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes in rats.

Group	Blood Glucose (mg/dL)			Plasma Insulin (μU/mL)
Group	1st Day	22nd Day	45th Day	1st Day	22nd Day	45th Day
Group 1	91.3 ± 3.10	92.0 ± 3.60	92.4 ± 3.90	17.8 ± 0.73	17.1 ± 0.80	18.5 ± 0.61
Group 2	271 ± 3.20 ^a	310 ± 4.90 ^a	353 ± 4.10 ^ab	9.21 ± 0.92 ^a	6.43 ± 0.81 ^a	5.31 ± 0.76 ^a
Group 3	280 ± 3.80 ^a	190 ± 4.10 ^ab	98.6 ± 3.80 ^b	8.90 ± 0.70 ^a	12.5 ± 0.67 ^ab	16.6 ± 0.79 ^b
Group 4	277 ± 3.0 ^a	247 ± 4.50 ^ac	222 ± 4.30 ^abc	9.89 ± 1.03 ^a	9.32 ± 0.91 ^ac	9.65 ± 1.03 ^ab
Group 5	282 ± 3.40 ^a	233 ± 4.30 ^abc	190 ± 5.20 ^abc	8.97 ± 1.07 ^a	9.79 ± 1.04 ^abc	10.9 ± 1.13 ^abc
Group 6	278 ± 3.20 ^a	212 ± 5.10 ^abc	142 ± 4.70 ^abc	9.03 ± 1.11 ^a	10.4 ± 1.19 ^ab	12.2 ± 1.08 ^ab
Group 7	283 ± 3.80 ^a	188 ± 4.70 ^ab	107 ± 3.80 ^b	8.80 ± 1.28 ^a	12.0 ± 1.14 ^ab	14.7 ± 1.16 ^ab

Data are denoted as mean ± SEM (n = 6). ^a Significant (p < 0.05) difference compared to the normal group (Group 1). ^b Significant (p < 0.05) difference compared to the diabetic group (Group 2). ^c Significant (p < 0.05) difference compared to the glibenclamide-treated group (Group 3).