Table 1.
Cas9 and Cas12 Variants with Their Origin and Specifications.
| Cas Protein | Bacterial Species | PAM Sequences | Used in C. reinhardtii | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| spCas9 native | Streptococcus pyrogenes | NGG | Yes | [35] |
| StCas9 | Streptococcus thermophilus | NNAGAAW | Yes | [36] |
| saCas9 | Staphylococcus aureus | NNGRRT or NNGRR(N) | Yes | [37] |
| nmCas9 | Neisseria meningitidis | NNNNGATT | Not yet | [36] |
| Cpf1 (Cas12) | Prevoltella and francisella 1 | NTT | Yes | [38] |
| dCas9 (dead) | Engineered S. pyrogenes | NGG | Not yet | [39] |
| nCas9 (nikase) | Engineered S. pyrogenes | NGG | Not yet | [40] |