Table 4.

Proposed future studies.

Prospective longitudinal, multicentred studies focused on a single organ cancer type that incorporate polysomnographic assessments at the time of cancer diagnosis, track adherence to treatment of OSA, and include multi-omics and tumour heterogeneity characterization.

Longitudinal studies of large cohorts of patients diagnosed with OSA without cancer and matched controls and long-term surveillance for cancer.

Prospective cancer treatment outcomes of patients with and without OSA with site- and type-specific cancers.

Search for OSA-related specific cancer biomarkers of aggressiveness, treatment selection, and personalized outcomes.

In vitro studies of differential effects of variable sustained and intermittent hypoxia profiles on specific tumours and on a large repertoire of specific tumour variants that incorporate multicellular matrices and organoid-based cellular interactions.

Exploration of animal models of OSA and their effect on cancer immunosurveillance and formulation of novel preventive strategies.

Identification and development of novel cancer therapeutic targets related to intrinsically driven pathways related to sleep-disordered breathing.