Table 3.
Stepwise multivariate analysis.
| AUC | OR | 95% CI | β Coefficient | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1—Basic medical history | 0.814 | ||||
| Age | 1.07 | (1.04–1.10) | 0.07 | <0.001 | |
| Sex | 0.71 | (0.41–1.23) | −0.34 | 0.22 | |
| Type of diabetes | 2.99 | (0.58–15.44) | 1.10 | 0.19 | |
| Hypertension | 2.94 | (1.65–5.25) | 1.09 | <0.001 | |
| COPD | 5.18 | (0.94–28.43) | 1.64 | 0.06 | |
| BMI (< or ≥ 40) | 3.83 | (1.20–12.22) | 1.34 | 0.02 | |
| Model 2—Medical history and biological data at first examination | 0.860 | ||||
| Age | 1.07 | (1.05–1.10) | 0.07 | <0.001 | |
| Sex | 0.63 | (0.35–1.14) | −0.45 | 0.13 | |
| Type of diabetes (T2D vs T1D) | 3.94 | (0.68–22.9) | 1.37 | 0.13 | |
| Hypertension | 3.91 | (2.08–7.35) | 1.36 | <0.001 | |
| BMI (< or ≥ 40) | 4.39 | (1.28–15.01) | 1.48 | 0.02 | |
| CKD | 28.1 | (3.55–222.33) | 3.34 | 0.002 | |
| Plasma glucose at admission | 1.14 | (1.07–1.22) | 0.13 | <0.001 | |
| Model 3—Medical history and long-term plasma glucose | 0.830 | ||||
| Age | 1.08 | (1.04–1.12) | 0.08 | <0.001 | |
| Sex | 0.62 | (0.30–1.28) | −0.47 | 0.2 | |
| Type of diabetes | 3.83 | (0.77–82.54) | 2.08 | 0.08 | |
| Hypertension | 3.82 | (1.79–8.15) | 1.34 | <0.001 | |
| BMI (< or ≥ 40) | 5.43 | (0.81–36.45) | 1.69 | 0.08 | |
| HbA1c | 1.02 | (0.80–1.29) | 0.02 | 0.88 | |
| Plasma glucose at admission | 1.12 | (1.02–1.24) | 0.18 | 0.02 | |
| Model 4—Medical history and antidiabetic treatment characteristics | 0.825 | ||||
| Age | 1.07 | (1.03–1.09) | 0.06 | <0.001 | |
| Sex | 0.67 | (0.37–1.21) | −0.41 | 0.18 | |
| Type of diabetes | 24.51 | (1.95–307.56) | 3.20 | 0.01 | |
| Hypertension | 2.68 | (1.43–5.05) | 0.99 | 0.002 | |
| BMI | 4.72 | (1.26–17.65) | 1.55 | 0.02 | |
| Severe hypoglycemia | 7.12 | (0.55–91.58) | 1.96 | 0.13 | |
| Insulin treatment | 2.49 | (1.20–5.17) | 0.91 | 0.01 | |
| Model 5—Medical history and diabetes complications | 0.831 | ||||
| Age | 1.05 | (1.03–1.08) | 0.05 | <0.001 | |
| Sex | 0.83 | (0.46–1.49) | −0.19 | 0.53 | |
| Type of diabetes | 4.24 | (0.78–23) | 1.44 | 0.09 | |
| Hypertension | 2.29 | (1.23–4.28) | 0.83 | 0.01 | |
| BMI (< or ≥ 40) | 4.07 | (1.26–13.14) | 1.40 | 0.02 | |
| Microangiopathy | 2.11 | (1.10–4.05) | 0.74 | 0.02 | |
| Macroangiopathy | 3.35 | (1.50–7.52) | 1.21 | 0.003 | |
| Model 6—Medical history and data at first examination | 0.910 | ||||
| Age | 1.03 | (1.00–1.06) | 0.03 | 0.03 | |
| Sex | 0.92 | (0.46–1.84) | −0.08 | 0.82 | |
| Type of diabetes | 45.34 | (2.96–7033.84) | 3.81 | <0.001 | |
| Hypertension | 3.51 | (1.63–7.90) | 1.25 | <0.001 | |
| BMI (< or ≥ 40) | 4.14 | (0.92–21.17) | 1.42 | 0.06 | |
| Peripheral oxygen saturation | 0.58 | (0.47–0.69) | −0.54 | <0.001 | |
| Insulin treatment | 3.98 | (1.82–9.02) | 1.38 | <0.001 | |
| Model 7- Clinical model simplified | 0.910 | ||||
| Age | 1.03 | (1.01–1.06) | 0.03 | 0.01 | |
| Type of diabetes | 52.39 | (3.42–8067.31) | 3.95 | <0.001 | |
| Hypertension | 3.35 | (1.66–7) | 1.21 | <0.001 | |
| Peripheral oxygen saturation | 0.56 | (0.46–0.66) | −0.59 | <0.001 | |
| Insulin treatment | 3.70 | (1.75–8.09) | 1.31 | <0.001 |
Age presented as continuous variable. CKD, chronic kidney disease.