Table 3.
Linear regression coefficients (95% CI) for the CASP-12 score at follow-up in Sweden.
| Loneliness | Social Isolation | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model | Variables Included | Continuous | p-Value | Binary | p-Value | Continuous | p-Value | Binary | p-Value |
| 1 | Crude | −0.43 (−0.74, −0.12) |
0.007 | −1.33 (−1.91, −0.76) |
<0.001 | −0.31 (−0.46, −0.15) |
<0.001 | −0.31 (−0.74, 0.11) |
0.147 |
| 2 | Sociodemographic factors a | −0.37 (−0.66, −0.07) |
0.016 | −1.15 (−1.72, −0.57) |
<0.001 | −0.22 (−0.38, −0.05) |
0.009 | −0.14 (−0.55, 0.28) |
0.512 |
| 3 | Model 2 + chronic diseases | −0.35 (−0.64, −0.05) |
0.02 | −1.13 (−1.70, −0.56) |
<0.001 | −0.25 (−0.41, −0.08) |
0.003 | −0.20 (−0.61, 0.21) |
0.346 |
| 4 | Model 2 + EURO-D | −0.29 (−0.59, 0.01) |
0.06 | −1.00 (−1.59, −0.41) |
<0.001 | −0.23 (−0.39, −0.06) |
0.007 | −0.17 (−0.58, 0.24) |
0.420 |
| 5 | Model 2 + activity limitations | −0.32 (−0.62, −0.02) |
0.039 | −1.10 (−1.68, −0.52) |
<0.001 | −0.22 (−0.39, −0.06) |
0.007 | −0.13 (−0.55, 0.28) |
0.531 |
| 6 | Fully adjusted model b | −0.27 (−0.56, 0.02) |
0.072 | −1.01 (−1.60, −0.43) |
<0.001 | −0.27 (−0.43, −0.10) |
0.002 | −0.21 (−0.62, 0.20) |
0.308 |
| 7 | Model 6 + other exposure c | −0.25 (−0.54, 0.04) |
0.096 | −0.97 (−1.55, −0.40) |
<0.001 | −0.25 (−0.42, −0.09) |
0.003 | −0.19 (−0.60, 0.22) |
0.358 |
a Adjusted for the baseline CASP-12 score, age, gender, wealth and education; b adjusted for the baseline CASP-12 score, age, gender, wealth, education, activity limitations, EURO-D, chronic diseases, memory, hearing and eyesight and c social isolation in the models on loneliness and vice versa.