Table 1.
General characteristics of patients who had undergone transcatheter aortic valve replacement according to the presence or absence of COVID-19.
| Clinical Characteristics | Entire Cohort (n = 702) |
COVID-19 (n = 22) |
No COVID-19 (n = 680) |
p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 82 ± 6.9 | 82 ± 8.4 | 82 ± 6.9 | 0.961 |
| Male sex–n (%) | 313 (44) | 7 (31.8) | 306 (45) | 0.220 |
| STS score–% | 5.9 ± 4.9 | 5.5 ± 2.4 | 5.9 ± 5.0 | 0.757 |
| Cardiovascular risk factors–n (%) | ||||
| Current smoking | 26 (3.7) | 1 (4.5) | 25 (3.7) | 0.832 |
| Hypertension | 587 (83.6) | 18 (81.8) | 569 (83.7) | 0.817 |
| Obesity (Body mass index > 30 kg/m2) | 183 (26.1) | 6 (27.3) | 177 (26.1) | 0.899 |
| Dyslipidemia | 428 (61) | 12 (54.5) | 416 (61.2) | 0.530 |
| Diabetes | 213 (30.3) | 6 (27.3) | 207 (30.4) | 0.750 |
| Comorbidities–n (%) | ||||
| Coronary artery disease | 318 (45.3) | 12 (54.5) | 306 (45.0) | 0.376 |
| Congestive heart failure | 252 (35.9) | 6 (27.3) | 246 (36.5) | 0.392 |
| Stroke | 98 (14) | 3 (13.6) | 95 (14.0) | 0.964 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 283 (40.3) | 6 (27.3) | 277 (40.7) | 0.205 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 191 (27.2) | 5 (22.7) | 186 (27.4) | 0.631 |
| COPD | 82 (11.7) | 3 (13.6) | 79 (11.6) | 0.740 |
| Prior cancer | 189 (26.9) | 10 (45.5) | 179 (26.3) | 0.053 |
| CKD (Creatinine levels > 130 μmol/L) | 115 (16.5) | 4 (18.2) | 111 (16.4) | 0.824 |
| LVEF after TAVR–% | 56 ± 11 | 56 ± 12 | 56 ± 11 | 0.902 |
| Treatment at time of follow up–n (%) | ||||
| Aspirin | 365 (53.3) | 13 (59.1) | 352 (53.1) | 0.579 |
| P2Y12 inhibitors | ||||
| VKA | 144 (21.0) | 4 (18.2) | 140 (21.1) | 0.740 |
| DOAC | 175 (25.5) | 6 (27.3) | 169 (25.5) | 0.850 |
| ACE-i/ARB | 335 (48.9) | 12 (54.5) | 323 (48.7) | 0.591 |
| Statins | 344 (50.2) | 9 (40.9) | 335 (50.5) | 0.375 |
| Amiodarone | 101 (14.7) | 2 (9.1) | 99 (14.9) | 0.447 |
| ABO blood type–n (%) | ||||
| A | 299 (42.6) | 18 (81.8) | 281 (41.3) | 0.002 |
| B | 63 (9) | 0 (0) | 63 (9.3) | |
| AB | 20 (2.9) | 0 (0) | 20 (2.9) | |
| O | 320 (45.6) | 4 (18.2) | 316 (46.5) | |
| Rhesus positive (Rh+)–n (%) | 352 (58.6) | 11 (68.8) | 341 (58.3) | 0.402 |
| Blood type–no. (%) | ||||
| A Rh- | 87 (12.4) | 3 (13.6) | 84 (12.4) | 0.027 |
| A Rh+ | 212 (30.2) | 15 (68.2) | 197 (29.0) | |
| AB Rh- | 8 (1.1) | 0 (0) | 8 (1.2) | |
| AB Rh+ | 17 (2.4) | 0 (0) | 17 (2.5) | |
| B Rh- | 14 (2.0) | 0 (0) | 14 (2.1) | |
| B Rh+ | 49 (7.0) | 0 (0) | 49 (7.2) | |
| O Rh- | 74 (10.5) | 1 (4.5) | 73 (10.7) | |
| O Rh+ | 154 (21.9) | 2 (9.1) | 152 (22.4) | |
| Missing | 87 (12.4) | 1 (4.5) | 86 (12.6) | |
Data are given as means ± standard deviations or counts (percentages). Abbreviations: ACE-i: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitor; ARB: Angiotensin Receptor blocker; CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease (creatinine > 130 μmol/L); COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; COVID-19: Coronavirus Disease 2019; DOAC: direct oral anticoagulant; LVEF: Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction; STS score: Society of Thoracic Surgeons score; TAVR: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement; VKA: vitamin K antagonist.