Table 6.
Associations between polyamines intakes and colorectal cancer risk by different sources of controls (Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals).
| Hospital-Derived Controls (n = 1342/1357) | Community-Derived Controls (n = 1160/1181) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P trend | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P trend | |
| Total polyamines | ||||||||||
| Median intake (μmol/day) | 127.17 | 165.89 | 199.04 | 255.44 | 114.41 | 157.39 | 195.44 | 256.91 | ||
| No. of cases/controls | 466/339 | 322/339 | 302/340 | 252/339 | 472/294 | 305/296 | 217/296 | 166/295 | ||
| Crude OR (95% CI) | 1 | 0.69 (0.56,0.85) | 0.67 (0.56,0.80) | 0.50 (0.41,0.59) | <0.001 | 1 | 0.64 (0.52,0.80) | 0.46 (0.36,0.57) | 0.35 (0.28,0.45) | <0.001 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) a | 1 | 0.74 (0.60,0.93) | 0.73 (0.58,0.91) | 0.67 (0.53,0.84) | 0.001 | 1 | 0.58 (0.43,0.76) | 0.45 (0.33,0.61) | 0.36 (0.26,0.51) | <0.001 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) b | 1 | 0.74 (0.60,0.93) | 0.73 (0.58,0.91) | 0.68 (0.53,0.86) | 0.001 | 1 | 0.64 (0.48,0.86) | 0.53 (0.39,0.73) | 0.45 (0.32,0.64) | <0.001 |
| Putrescine | ||||||||||
| Median intake (μmol/day) | 34.45 | 52.10 | 69.63 | 98.51 | 33.05 | 51.06 | 69.18 | 101.27 | ||
| No. of cases/controls | 435/339 | 388/340 | 301/339 | 218/339 | 587/295 | 295/295 | 197/297 | 81/294 | ||
| Crude OR (95% CI) | 1 | 0.89 (0.73,1.09) | 0.69 (0.56,0.85) | 0.50 (0.40,0.63) | <0.001 | 1 | 0.50 (0.41,0.62) | 0.33 (0.27,0.42) | 0.14 (0.10,0.18) | <0.001 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) a | 1 | 0.96 (0.77,1.18) | 0.82 (0.65,1.03) | 0.63 (0.50,0.81) | <0.001 | 1 | 0.47 (0.35,0.62) | 0.29 (0.22,0.40) | 0.16 (0.11,0.24) | <0.001 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) b | 1 | 0.99 (0.80.1.23) | 0.85 (0.67,1.07) | 0.67 (0.52,0.85) | 0.001 | 1 | 0.49 (0.37,0.65) | 0.31 (0.23,0.43) | 0.18 (0.12,0.27) | <0.001 |
| Spermidine | ||||||||||
| Median intake (μmol/day) | 45.37 | 63.06 | 80.42 | 106.32 | 43.94 | 62.79 | 78.77 | 103.31 | ||
| No. of cases/controls | 436/339 | 349/339 | 284/340 | 273/339 | 372/295 | 270/295 | 248/296 | 270/295 | ||
| Crude OR (95% CI) | 1 | 0.80 (0.65,0.98) | 0.65 (0.53,0.80) | 0.63 (0.51,0.78) | <0.001 | 1 | 0.73 (0.58,0.91) | 0.66 (0.53,0.83) | 0.73 (0.58,0.91) | <0.001 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) a | 1 | 0.83 (0.67,1.04) | 0.67 (0.54,0.84) | 0.74 (0.59,0.93) | 0.002 | 1 | 0.66 (0.49,0.88) | 0.72 (0.53,0.94) | 0.78 (0.56,0.96) | 0.003 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) b | 1 | 0.86 (0.69,1.08) | 0.71 (0.56,0.89) | 0.79 (0.62,0.97) | 0.014 | 1 | 0.69 (0.41,0.83) | 0.75 (0.51,0.85) | 0.82 (0.59,0.99) | 0.058 |
| Spermine | ||||||||||
| Median intake (μmol/day) | 32.87 | 42.04 | 49.82 | 60.65 | 30.91 | 41.54 | 48.99 | 60.39 | ||
| No. of cases/controls | 261/339 | 328/339 | 352/340 | 401/339 | 246/295 | 283/296 | 313/295 | 318/294 | ||
| Crude OR (95% CI) | 1 | 1.26 (1.01,1.57) | 1.35 (1.08,1.68) | 1.54 (1.24,1.91) | <0.001 | 1 | 1.15 (0.91,1.45) | 1.27 (1.01,1.60) | 1.30 (1.03,1.64) | 0.019 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) a | 1 | 1.27 (1.01,1.60) | 1.39 (1.10,1.75) | 1.58 (1.26,1.99) | <0.001 | 1 | 1.13 (0.83,1.54) | 1.08 (0.79,1.48) | 0.99 (0.72,1.36) | 0.542 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) b | 1 | 1.26 (0.99,1.60) | 1.38 (1.08,1.75) | 1.59 (1.24,2.05) | <0.001 | 1 | 1.39 (0.99,1.92) | 1.65 (1.18,2.31) | 1.86 (1.30,2.66) | <0.001 |
a OR was adjusted for age, sex, residence, marital status, education, occupation, income level, smoking status, alcohol drinking, occupational physical activity, household and leisure-time activities, BMI, family history of cancer and total energy intake. b OR was adjusted for above confounders. Total polyamines, putrescine and spermidine additionally adjusted for total fat and Vitamin D intakes. Spermine additionally adjusted for dietary fiber, folate and calcium intakes.