Table 2.
Studies showing STING-independent interferon activation post-ionizing radiation.
| Ref | Radiation Dose | Cells/Model | Cell Type | Responses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [96] | 3, 6, 9 Gy c 5 Gy × 6 a,b |
MEFs in vitro; D54 in vitro; HCT116 in vitro D54 in vivo (s.c.) a; HCT116 in vivo (s.c.) |
mouse embryonic fibroblasts; human glioblastoma; human colon carcinoma |
↓ d type I IFN a with MAVS- or RIG-I-deficiency ↓ efficacy with cellular MAVS- or RIG-I-deficiency |
| [97] | 20 Gy b | MCF10A in vitro; MC38 in vitro; MDA-MB-468 in vitro; PANC-1 in vitro; HCC1937 in vitro |
human breast epithelial cells; mouse colon adenocarcinoma; human breast adenocarcinoma; human pancreas carcinoma; human breast carcinoma |
↓ type I IFN activation with MAVS-deficiency |
| [98] | 8 Gy b | A549 B16F10 |
human lung carcinoma mouse melanoma |
↑ e cytosolic dsRNA a + ERV a activation ↑ ISGs a |
a Abbreviations: double-stranded RNA (dsRNA); endogenous retrovirus (ERV); interferon (IFN); IFN stimulated genes (ISGs); subcutaneous (s.c.); 6 doses (× 6). b External beam X-ray irradiator. c γ-irradiator. d Decreased. e Increased.