Table 1.

Structures, Mulliken population values, and HOMO-LUMO energy gap of the synthetic derivatives.

Derivative 1	Structure	Mulliken Population Values (Electron Density)		HOMO-LUMO 2 Energy Gap (kcal/mol)
		Left	Right
6,14′		6.16	6.10	189.51
10,10′		6.17	6.17	191.39
8,8′		6.21	6.21	178.21
8,12′		6.23	6.22	210.84
12,12′		6.24	6.24	214.61

¹ The abbreviated names of the derivatives are derived from the putative position of oxidative cleavage in the carotenoid backbone, which could lead to the formation of these derivatives, Full names: 6,14′-diapocarotene-6,14′-dial (6,14′); 10,10′-diapocarotene-10,10′-dial (10,10′); 8,8′-diapocarotene-8,8′-dial (8,8′); 8,12′-diapocarotene-8,12′-dial (8,12′); 12,12′-diapocarotene-12,12′-dial (12,12′). ² HOMO: High Occupied Molecular Orbitals; LUMO: Low Unoccupied Molecular Orbitals.