Table 2.
Axes of oncogenic lncRNAs acting as ceRNAs and their role in ovarian cancer.
| Axis lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA | LncRNA Expression; Involvement in Progression, Influence on Prognosis, Survival, Drug Resistance, Signaling Pathways | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| AB209371/miR-203/BIRC5 | upregulated; advanced clinical stages | [92] |
| LncRNA-ATB/miR-204-3p/NID1 | tumorigenesis in vitro, in vivo, invasion | [93] |
| CASC9/miR-758-3p/LIN7A | proliferation, migration, invasion, in vitro, in vivo | [94] |
| CCAT1/miR-152/ADAM17 (WNT1) CCAT1/miR-130b/STAT3 (ZEB1) |
upregulated; EMT, migration, invasion, metastasis, FIGO stage, poor survival | [95] |
| CCAT1/miR-1290 | tumor size, metastasis, prognosis | [96] |
| CCAT1/miR-490-3p/TGFBR1 | migration, invasion, EMT, metastasis | [97] |
| CCAT1/miR-454/BIRC5 | in vivo tumor formation, cisplatin resistance | [98] |
| CCAT2/miR-424 | upregulated; proliferation, progression | [99] |
| CDKN2B-AS1/miR-411-3p/HIF1A | migration, invasion, metastasis, HIF-1α/VEGF/P38 | [100] |
| CDKN2B-AS1/miR-143-3p/SMAD3 | migration, invasion, in vivo, poor prognosis | [101] |
| DANCR/miR-145/VEGF | invasion, angiogenesis, tube formation | [102] |
| DLEU1/miR-490-3p/CDK1 | upregulated; migration, invasion, in vivo | [103] |
| DLX6-AS1/miR-195-5p/FHL2 | upregulated; migration, invasion, EMT | [104] |
| DQ786243/miR-506/CREB1 | migration, invasion, EMT, in vivo, xenograft | [105] |
| EMX2OS/miR-654/AKT3 | invasion, sphere formation, poorer survival, PD-L1 | [106] |
| FLVCR1-AS1/miR-513/YAP1 | migration, invasion, EMT, in vivo | [107] |
| GIHCG/miR-429 | promoted cell cycle, colony formation, shorter OS | [108] |
| H19/miR-370-3p | upregulated; promotes TGF-β-induced EMT | [109] |
| H19/miR-324-5p/PKM2 | promotes aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) | [110] |
| HAGLROS/miR-100/mTOR (ZNRF2) | upregulated; poor prognosis, mTOR pathway | [111] |
| CREB1-HAS2-AS1/miR-466/RUNX2 | invasion, tumor growth in vivo, poor outcome | [112] |
| HOST2/let-7b | upregulated; migration, invasion, metastasis | [113] |
| HOTAIR/miR-1, miR-214-3p, miR-330-5p/MAPK1 | upregulated; migration, invasion | [114] |
| HOTAIR/miR-214, miR-217/PIK3R3 | upregulated; proliferation, migration, invasion | [115] |
| HOTAIR/miR-373/Rab22a | upregulated; migration, invasion, metastasis | [116] |
| HOTAIR/miR-206/CCND1 (CCND2) | upregulated; migration, invasion, metastasis | [117] |
| HOTAIR/miR-200c/SNAIL | EMT, migration, invasion, tumorigenicity in vivo | [118] |
| HOTAIR/miR-138-5p/EZH2, SIRT1 | upregulated; promoted cisplatin resistance | [119] |
| HOTAIR/miR-206/TBX3 | upregulated; cell stemness, cisplatin resistance | [120] |
| HOXD-AS1/miR-133a-3p | EMT, invasion, metastasis, poor OS, Wnt/β-catenin | [121] |
| HOXD-AS1/miR-608/FZD4 | upregulated; migration, invasion, poor prognosis | [122] |
| HOXD-AS1/miR-186-5p/PIK3R3 | migration, invasion, EMT, poor PFS/OS, PIK3R3 | [123] |
| HULC/miR-125a-3p | migration, invasion, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway | [124] |
| KCNQ1OT1/miR-212-3p/LCN2 | migration, invasion, in vitro, in vivo, shorter OS | [125] |
| KCNQ1OT1/miR-142-5p/CAPN10 | upregulated; migration in vitro, poor OS | [126] |
| LEF1-AS1/miR-1285-3p | migration, invasion, metastasis, poor prognosis | [127] |
| LINC00152/miR-125b/MCL-1 | upregulated; grade, clinical stage, poor prognosis | [128] |
| LINC00161/miR-128/MAPK1 | xenograft tumor model in vivo, drug resistance | [129] |
| LINC00319/miR-423-5p/NACC1 | upregulated; proliferation, migration, invasion | [130] |
| LINC00339/miR-148a-3p/ROCK1 | upregulated; migration, invasion, poor prognosis | [131] |
| LINC00460/miR-338-3p | migration, invasion, metastasis, shorter OS | [132] |
| LINC00504/miR-1244/PKM2 (HK2, PDK1) | upregulated; aerobic glycolysis/Warburg effect | [133] |
| ESR1-LINC00511/miR-424, miR-370 | proliferation, invasion, poor prognosis, risk model | [134] |
| LINC00963/miR-378g/CHI3L1 | upregulated; migration, EMT | [135] |
| LINC01118/miR-134/ABCC1 | migration, invasion, paclitaxel resistance | [136] |
| LUCAT1/miR-612/HOXA13 | upregulated; metastasis, poorer prognosis | [137] |
| LUCAT1/miR-199a-5p | upregulated; proliferation, colony formation | [138] |
| MALAT1/miR-506/iASPP | upregulated; proliferation, DNA synthesis in vitro | [139] |
| MALAT1/miR-200c | migration, invasion, metastasis, worse prognosis | [140] |
| MALAT1/miR-143-3p/CMPK | cell viability, migration, invasion, OS/PFS | [141] |
| MALAT1/miR-211/PHF19 | proliferation, migration, xenograft growth | [142] |
| MALAT1/miR-503-5p | proliferation, JAK2/STAT3 pathway | [143] |
| MIF-AS1/miR-31-5p/PLCB1 | elevated; migratory, invasive abilities of cells | [144] |
| MLK7-AS1/miR-375/YAP1 | invasion, metastasis, EMT, in vitro, in vivo | [145] |
| MIR4435-2HG/miR-128-3p/CDK14 | upregulated; migration, invasion | [146] |
| NCK1-AS1/miR-137/NCK1 | upregulated; migration, invasion, chemo-resistance | [147] |
| Hur>NEAT1/miR-124-3p | upregulated; migration, invasion, stage, metastasis | [148] |
| NEAT1/miR-34a-5p/BCL2 | increases cells in S phase, suppresses apoptosis | [149] |
| NEAT1/miR-194/ZEB1 | upregulated; paclitaxel resistance in vitro, in vivo | [150] |
| NEAT1/miR-382-3p/ROCK1 | upregulated; migration, invasion, metastasis | [151] |
| LIN28B>NEAT1/miR-506 | migration, invasion in vitro, in vivo, poor prognosis | [152] |
| NEAT1/miR-770-5p/PARP1 | upregulated; cisplatin resistance in vitro, in vivo | [153] |
| NORAD/miR-155-5p | upregulated; chemo-resistance, xenograft growth | [154] |
| NORAD/miR-199a-3p | proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT | [155] |
| Lnc-OC1/miR-34a, miR-34c | migration, invasion, in vitro, in vivo, prognosis | [156] |
| OIP5-AS1/miR-324-3p/NFIB | upregulated; cell viability, migration, invasion | [157] |
| OIP5-AS1/miR-137/ZNF217 | migration, invasion, EMT in vitro, in vivo | [158] |
| PCAT-1/miR-129-5p | upregulated; proliferation, inhibits apoptosis | [159] |
| PCAT-1/miR-124-3p | migration, invasion, Wnt/β-catenin, AKT/mTOR | [160] |
| PTAF(LINC00922)/miR-25/SNAI2 | TGF-β-induced EMT, invasion, metastasis | [161] |
| PTAR (AP000695.4)/miR-101/ZEB1 | migration, EMT, metastasis, in vitro, in vivo | [162] |
| PTAL/miR-101/FN1 | upregulated; EMT, invasion, metastasis | [163] |
| PVT1/miR-133a | proliferation, migration, invasion, worse PFS/OS | [164] |
| PVT1/miR-214 | invasion, EMT, short PFS/OS, PI3K/AKT | [165] |
| FOXO4/PVT1/miR-140 | upregulated; metastasis, poor survival outcomes | [166] |
| PVT1/miR-543/SERPINI1 | migration, invasion, lower 5-year OS | [167] |
| RHPN1-AS1/miR-596/LETM1 | upregulated; metastasis, DFS/OS, FAK/PI3K/AKT | [70] |
| RHPN1-AS1/miR-1299 | upregulated; migration, invasion, poor prognosis | [71] |
| LncRNA-ROR/miR-145/FLNB | upregulated; migration and invasion, EMT | [168] |
| SCAMP1/miR-137/CXCL12 | upregulated; invasion, angiogenesis | [169] |
| SDHAP1/miR-4465/EIF4G2 | upregulation; paclitaxel resistance | [170] |
| SNHG12/miR-129/SOX4 | upregulated; migration, metastasis, stage III-IV | [171] |
| TDRG1/miR-93/RhoC | upregulated; migration, invasion | [172] |
| TINCR/miR-335/FGF2 | tumor size, FIGO stage, lymphatic metastasis | [173] |
| TMPO-AS1/miR-200c/TMEFF2 | EMT, invasion, 5-FU resistance, PI3K/AKT | [174] |
| TTN-AS1/miR-139-5p/ROCK2 | migration, invasion, in vivo, metastasis, poor OS | [175] |
| TTN-AS1/miR-15b-5p/FBXW7 * | inhibits proliferation, promotes apoptosis | [176] |
| TUG1/miR-29b-3p/MDM2 | migration, invasion in vitro, tumor growth in vivo | [177] |
| TUG1/miR-29b-3p | metastasis, autophagy, paclitaxel resistance | [178] |
| TUG1/miR-186-5p/ZEB1 | proliferation, invasion, stemness | [179] |
| TUG1/miR-1299/NOTCH3 | upregulated; proliferation, a feedback loop | [180] |
| UCA1/miR-129/ABCB1 | upregulated; proliferation, paclitaxel resistance | [181] |
| UCA1/miR-654-5p/SIK2 | migration, invasion, paclitaxel resistance | [182] |
| ZFAS1/miR-150-5p/Sp1 | proliferation, migration, chemoresistance | [183] |
Note: * alternative suppressor function of TTN-AS1; ceRNA, competitive endogenous RNA; EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition; DFS, disease-free survival; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival.