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. 2020 Nov 22;12(11):732. doi: 10.3390/toxins12110732

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of OTA expositions on the hem-oxygenase (Ho-1) gene expression levels in the kidney. A: Ho-1 gene mRNA expressions of the single oral dose (24 h) OTA-treated kidney samples. The OTA treatment had no significant effect on the Ho-1 mRNA level. B: Ho-1 gene expression levels of the repeated daily oral dose (72 h) OTA-treated kidney samples. The high dose of OTA treatment increased the Ho-1 mRNA level significantly (p < 0.05). C: Ho-1 gene expression alterations of the repeated daily oral dose (21 days) OTA-treated kidney samples. The OTA treatment did not influence significantly the Ho-1 mRNA level. Abbreviations: MMS: Group treated with methyl-methanesulfonate; OTA 1 and OTA 10: groups treated with 1 and 10 mg/kg bw ochratoxin A in the single oral dose (24 h) and repeated daily oral dose (72 h) experiment; OTA 0.5: group treated with 0.5 mg/kg bw ochratoxin A in the repeated daily oral dose (21 days) experiment. Values are expressed as the mean ± SD. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test.* p < 0.05 vs. vehicle.