Figure 12.

Illustration of the effect of the target thickness in the laser ablation of metals in liquids (a) and the influence of the laser pulse duration on the heat confinement in thin targets (b). The diagram in (c) demonstrates relative effects of different laser pulse duration on the dependence of the productivity on the ablation target thickness. In (c), both axes scale linearly. The trends shown in the diagram represent the interpretation of the combined results of the discussed literature in Section 2.2.1. In (c), the arrow and the less dense line style indicate the effect of longer pulse duration on productivity. In (c), the vertical solid line in the center of the diagram marks the penetration depths of the laser pulse into the target material. Reprinted with permission from [66].