Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of study population at 12th month of follow-up in overall, and automatic vs. echo-guided patients
| Parameters | Automatic (n 93) | Echo guided (n 98) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12 months follow up | |||
| BMI > 30 kg/m2(%) | 7 (7.5) | 6 (6.1) | 0.622 |
| Plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 173.5 ± 21.7 | 171.2 ± 20.9 | 0.171 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 52.9 ± 12.1 | 52.3 ± 12.0 | 0.122 |
| I NYHA class | 6 (6.4) | 2 (2.0) | 0.016* |
| II NYHA class | 45 (48.4) | 21 (21.4) | 0.010* |
| III NYHA class | 38 (40.9) | 66 (67.3) | 0.001* |
| IV NYHA class | 4 (4.3) | 10 (10.2) | 0.021* |
| QRS duration | 121.6 ± 9.6 | 122.9 ± 9.1 | 0.251 |
| 6MWT | 319.37 ± 26.92 | 227.92 ± 28.19 | 0.005* |
| SonR values (g) | 1.09 ± 0.07 | / | / |
| Echocardiographic parameters | |||
| LVEF (%) | 36 ± 6 | 27 ± 5 | 0.001* |
| LVEDd (mm) | 63 ± 5 | 65 ± 8 | 0.051 |
| LVESd (mm) | 35 ± 4 | 38 ± 5 | 0.001* |
| LVEDv (ml) | 165 ± 24 | 178 ± 41 | 0.054 |
| LVESv (ml) | 109 ± 12 | 126 ± 18 | 0.001* |
| Mitral insufficiency | |||
| + (%) | 50 (53.8) | 31 (31.6) | 0.040* |
| + + (%) | 38 (40.9) | 57 (58.2) | 0.004* |
| + + + (%) | 5 (5.4) | 10 (10.2) | 0.285 |
| Biomarkers | |||
| Lymphocytes | 7.12 ± 1.27 | 8.48 ± 1.18 | 0.001* |
| Neutrophiles | 4.87 ± 1.85 | 5.69 ± 2.31 | 0.001* |
| BNP (pg/ml) | 148.41 ± 16.40 | 197.26 ± 19.12 | 0.001* |
| CRP (mg/L) | 7.24 ± 0.56 | 8.69 ± 0.83 | 0.036* |
| IL6 (pg/ml) | 5.55 ± 0.03 | 6.31 ± 0.03 | 0.011* |
| TNFα (pg/ml) | 5.35 ± 0.02 | 6.31 ± 0.02 | 0.005* |
| Study outcomes | |||
| CRTd responders (%) | 68 (73.1) | 58 (59.2) | 0.038* |
| Hospital admission for HF worsening (%) | 12 (16.1) | 22 (22.4) | 0.030* |
| Cardiac deaths (%) | 4 (4.3) | 7 (7.1) | 0.538 |
| All cause of deaths (%) | 7 (7.5) | 11 (11.2) | 0.461 |
BMI, body mass index; BNP, B type natriuretic peptide; CRP, C reactive protein; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin 1Ac type; IL-6, interleukine 6; LVEDd, left ventricle end diastolic diameter; LVEDv, left ventricle end diastolic volume; LVEF, left ventricle ejection fraction; LVESd, left ventricle end systolic diameter; LVESv, left ventricle end systolic volume; NYHA II, III, New York Heart Association II and III class; SonR, values of SonR signals; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha; 6MWT, 6 min walking test.** is for statistical significant (p < 0.05)