Table 1.
Characteristics, outcomes and risk factors of AKI of SARS-CoV2 patients.
| Characteristics | Overall, N = 181 |
Patients without AKI, N = 101 |
Patients with AKI, N = 80 |
Univariate analysis : p-value * | Multivariate analysis: Adjusted OR (CI 95%) ** | Multivariate analysis: Adjusted p value ** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | ||||||
| Age (> 65 years) (n, (%)) | 91 (50%) | 44 (44%) | 47 (59%) | 0.042 | 1.09 (0.51–2.30) | 0,81 |
| Gender (male) (n, (%)) | 127 (70%) | 66 (65%) | 61 (76%) | 0.11 | 2.56 (1.14–6.00) | 0.026 |
| SAPS II (mean, (SD)) | 44 (17) | 38 (15) | 52 (16) | < 0.001 | ||
| ICU lenght of days (median (IQR)) | 13 (7 - 24) | 12 (6 - 21) | 16 (9–28) | 0.048 | ||
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Obesity (n, (%)) | 68 (38%) | 39 (39%) | 29 (36%) | 0.74 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus (n, (%)) | 54 (30%) | 23 (23%) | 31 (39%) | 0.020 | 1.88 (0.81–4.49) | 0,14 |
| Hypertension (n, (%)) | 132 (73%) | 67 (66%) | 65 (81%) | 0.025 | 1.53 (0.61–3.88) | 0,37 |
| Chronic kidney disease (n, (%)) | 13 (7.2%) | 2 (2.0%) | 11 (14%) | 0.002 | 23.52 (3.10–554.02) | 0.011 |
| Chronic use of ACEI or ARB (n, (%)) | 76 (42%) | 36 (36%) | 40 (50%) | 0.052 | 1.51 (0.63–3.63) | 0.35 |
| Cardiovascular disease (n, (%)) | 52 (29%) | 26 (26%) | 26 (32%) | 0.32 | ||
| Cancer (n, (%)) | 22 (12%) | 11 (11%) | 11 (14%) | 0.56 | ||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n, (%)) | 22 (12%) | 9 (8.9%) | 13 (16%) | 0.13 | ||
| Renal Transplantation (n, (%)) | 1 (0.6%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.2%) | 0.26 | ||
| Exposure to nephrotoxic agent | ||||||
| Lopinavir/Ritonavir (n, (%)) | 9 (5.0%) | 4 (4.0%) | 5 (6.2%) | 0.48 | ||
| Remdesivir (n, (%)) | 4 (2.2%) | 3 (3.0%) | 1 (1.2%) | 0.43 | ||
| Aminoglycoside (n, (%)) | 24 (13%) | 12 (12%) | 12 (15%) | 0.54 | ||
| Vancomycin (n, (%)) | 19 (10%) | 9 (8.9%) | 10 (12%) | 0.43 | ||
| Supportive therapy | ||||||
| Mechanical Ventilation (n, (%)) | 149 (82%) | 70 (69%) | 79 (99%) | < 0.001 | 45.19 (5.96–1318.54) | 0.003 |
| Prone positionning (n, (%)) | 116(64%) | 54(53%) | 62(78%) | < 0.001 | ||
| ECMO (n, (%)) | 17 (9.4%) | 8 (7.9%) | 9 (11%) | 0.45 | ||
| Vasopressor (n, (%)) | 113 (62%) | 48 (48%) | 65 (81%) | < 0.001 | 2.68 (1.07–7.01) | 0.038 |
| ICU-acquired infection | ||||||
| Pneumonia (n, (%)) | 80 (44%) | 35 (35%) | 45 (56%) | 0.004 | 0.89 (0.39–1.95) | 0.76 |
| Bacteraemia (n, (%)) | 16 (8.8%) | 9 (8.9%) | 7 (8.8%) | 0.97 | ||
| Day-28 mortality (n, (%)) | 63 (35%) | 16 (16%) | 47 (59%) | < 0.001 | ||
Abbreviation: ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; AKI: acute kidney injury; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; CI: Confidence Interval; IQR: interquartile range; OR: odds ratio; SAPSII: Simplified Acute Physiology Score II; SD: standard deviation.
*
Student or Wilcoxon test was used for continuous variables and Chi² test for categorical data.
**
Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis.