(A-D) BMDCs (1 × 106) were stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 16 h. Simultaneously, BMDCs were treated with allithiamine at concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 µM. (A) CD40 and CD86 on dendritic cells were measured by flow cytometry, and percentages of CD40highCD86high cells in CD11c gated cells were calculated. (B and C) Supernatants were collected, and pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6 were assessed using ELISA. (D) DCFDA on dendritic cells was determined using flow cytometry. (E) BMDCs were stimulated with 100 ng/mL LPS for 16 h and simultaneously with allithiamine 5 µM. Supernatants were collected, and lactate was assessed. (F and G) CD86 and DCFDA were measured in CD11c gated cells on splenocytes during LPS-induced endotoxemia. The scatterplot with the bar graph illustrates the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of each surface marker. Asterisk indicates significant differences (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001) from data obtained during the LPS-only challenge. Allithiamine is designated as A.