Table 4. Univariate and Multivariate Logistic Regression Analyses for Unfavorable Outcomes.

Variables	Unadjusted			Adjusted
	OR	95% CI	p value	OR	95% CI	p value
Age (yr)	1.022	0.999–1.045	0.057	1.001	0.971–1.032	0.951
Sex, male	1.961	0.851–4.517	0.114	0.443	0.124–1.580	0.210
Body mass index, kg/m2	1.012	0.885–1.159	0.858	0.999	0.841–1.186	0.989
Hypertension	2.032	0.919–4.495	0.080
Diabetes mellitus	1.251	0.495–3.166	0.636
Malignancy	3.208	1.366–7.534	0.007	2.389	0.799–7.146	0.119
Respiratory disease	0.321	0.073–1.422	0.135
Chronic kidney disease	3.750	1.139–12.351	0.030	2.474	0.550–11.133	0.238
Immunocompromised*	1.845	0.470–7.242	0.380
Smoking history	4.653	2.044–10.590	<0.001	5.606	1.695–18.543	0.005
Prior history of TB treatment	1.835	0.822–4.096	0.139
Total protein level, g/dL	1.054	0.965–1.153	0.243
Albumin level, g/dL	0.220	0.117–0.415	<0.001	0.246	0.104–0.578	0.001
Baseline positive AFB smear	1.482	0.668–3.287	0.333
Cavitary lesions in chest radiography	1.722	0.755–3.928	0.196
High-level resistance	1.225	0.513–2.927	0.648
Fluoroquinolone use	0.847	0.374–1.920	0.692
Injectable agents use	0.464	0.058–3.727	0.470
Positive AFB culture at 1 month	2.226	0.845–5.861	0.105
Positive AFB culture at 2 months	7.692	1.938–30.532	0.004	7.853	1.246–49.506	0.028
Drug induced hepatitis	3.455	1.318–9.059	0.012	1.156	0.321–4.153	0.825

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; TB, tuberculosis; AFB, acid-fast bacillus.

^*Immunocompromised patients: 1) hematopoietic cell transplant recipients, 2) other solid organ transplant recipients, and 3) patients who received any immunosuppressive treatments (e.g., biologic agents targeting inflammatory mediators or corticosteroid therapy).