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. 2020 Nov 16;11:543331. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.543331

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Copyright © 2020 Gajtkó, Bakk, Hegedűs, Ducza and Holló.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Time course experiments show different kinetics of cytokine secretion due to IL-1β stimulation. (A) Secretion of pro inflammatory cytokines was significantly increased in the supernatant of IL-1β stimulated astrocytes by ELISA experiments. Data are shown as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments in duplicate assay. ANOVA Repeated Measures, followed by Tukey’s pairwise comparison, ^∗p < 0.05 versus control group. (B) Representative immunoblots of IL-6, GM-CSF, and CCL5 expression in the supernatans of astrocyte cultures. In the cytosol of astrocyte cultures GFAP expression also shows gradual time-dependent enhancement.