Figure 3.

Protective effects of FA against H₂O₂‐induced cell apoptosis in ARPE‐19 cells. A, The effect of FA pre‐treatment on the apoptosis of H₂O₂‐induced human ARPE‐19 cells detected by TUNEL assay; (B) Quantitative results of the TUNEL assay; (C) Flow cytometry analysis of cell apoptosis using Annexin V‐FITC/PI dual‐staining; (D) Quantitative results of the rate of apoptotic cells. Annexin V‐positive cells (Q2 + Q3) was calculated for each group cells and are shown in the bar graph. ARPE‐19 cells were pre‐treated with FA (5 mM) for 24 h and then treated with H₂O₂ (300 μM) for 4 h. Each column presented means ± SD (n = 3). ^** P < .01 vs normal control group. ^# P < .05 vs H₂O₂‐treated group