Table 2.
Pathogens detected from questing Ixodes ricinus nymphs in Helsinki and associated prevalence (%) and its binomial 95% confidence interval
| Pathogen | Positive samples | Prevalence | ±95 CI |
|---|---|---|---|
| Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato | 319 | 23.0 | 20.1–25.3 |
| B. afzelii | 193 | 14.0 | 12.2–15.9 |
| B. garinii | 67 | 4.8 | 3.8–6.1 |
| B. burgdorferi sensu stricto | 35 | 2.5 | 1.8–3.5 |
| B. valaisiana | 36 | 2.6 | 1.8–3.6 |
| Unidentified Borrelia | 11 | 0.8 | 0.4–1.4 |
| Borrelia miyamotoi | 10 | 0.7 | 0.4–1.3 |
| Rickettsia | 109 | 7.9 | 6.5–9.4 |
| R. helvetica | 104 | 7.5 | 6.2–9.0 |
| R. monacensis | 5 | 0.4 | 0.1–0.8 |
| Babesia | 5 | 0.4 | 0.1–0.8 |
| B. venatorum | 3 | 0.2 | 0.0–0.6 |
| B. capreoli | 1 | 0.1 | 0.0–0.4 |
| Neoehrlichia mikurensis | 34 | 2.5 | 1.7–3.4 |
| Anaplasma phagocytophilum | 15 | 1.1 | 0.6–1.8 |
| Tick‐borne encephalitis virus | 0 | 0 | ‐ |
| Any pathogen | 437 | 31.5 | 29.1–34.1 |
Number of analysed samples for each pathogen was 1,386. Note that the number of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. positive samples differs from the sum of all genospecies and unidentified Borrelia due to coinfections.