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. 2020 Nov 30;18:185. doi: 10.1186/s12915-020-00908-y

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — Skull roof structure in 99 lepidosaurs along their cranial profile. Example skulls for lifestyle classes (a) as sagittal sections in medial view, scale bar = 1 mm, top left: Kentropyx altamazonica ZMB 69836; bottom left: Egernia kingii ZMB 21457; top right: Amphisbaena cubana ZMB 11034; bottom right: †Spathorhynchus fossorium USNM 26317. Loess regressions (lines) with a 95% confidence interval (shaded area) of the compactness (b) and relative thickness (c) of all sampled specimens are grouped by lifestyle. Fully fossorial taxa consistently exceed non- and semi-fossorial taxa in compactness along the entire cranial profile and in relative thickness in the profile’s anterior half