Table 1.
Characteristics of the total population, 2019 and 2020
| Total | 2019 | 2020 | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Description of the population | ||||
| Age, years | 80 ± 12.4 | 81 ± 11.8 | 80 ± 13 | .700 |
| Women | 611 (42.3) | 376 (42.9) | 235 (41.4) | .610 |
| HT | 1068 (73.9) | 640 (73) | 428 (75.4) | .403 |
| DM | 485 (33.6) | 277 (31.6) | 208 (36.6) | .087 |
| Heart disease | 762 (52.7) | 468 (53.4) | 294 (51.8) | .551 |
| Dilated | 31 (2.1) | 17 (1.9) | 14 (2.5) | .500 |
| Hypertensive | 200 (13.8) | 129 (14.7) | 71 (12.5) | .235 |
| Hypertrophic | 18 (1.2) | 14 (1.6) | 4 (0.7) | .135 |
| Ischemic | 211 (14.6) | 121 (13.8) | 90 (15.8) | .282 |
| Valve disease | 249 (17.2) | 159 (18.1) | 90 (15.8) | .261 |
| Others | 53 (3.7) | 28 (3.2) | 25 (4.4) | .233 |
| Symptoms | ||||
| Asymptomatic | 124 (8.6) | 88 (10) | 36 (6.3) | .014 |
| Asthenia | 171 (11.8) | 99 (11.3) | 72 (12.7) | .425 |
| Dyspnea | 276 (19.1) | 154 (17.6) | 122 (21.5) | .064 |
| Presyncope | 282 (19.5) | 192 (21.9) | 90 (15.8) | .005 |
| Syncope | 547 (37.9) | 316 (36) | 231 (40.7) | .076 |
| Cardiorespiratory arrest | 22 (1.5) | 13 (1.5) | 9 (1.6) | .877 |
| ECG abnormality justifying the device | ||||
| Sinus dysfunction | 183 (12.7) | 118 (13.5) | 65 (11.4) | .261 |
| 1st degree block, | 3 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | .832 |
| Type 1 2nd degree block, | 17 (1.2) | 9 (1) | 8 (1.4) | .510 |
| 2:1 block | 132 (9.1) | 83 (9.5) | 49 (8.6) | .589 |
| Type 2 2nd degree block | 69 (4.8) | 46 (5.2) | 23 (4) | .298 |
| Complete block | 636 (44) | 365 (41.6) | 271 (47.7) | .023 |
| Slow AF | 124 (8.6) | 78 (8.9) | 46 (8.1) | .598 |
| Blocked AF | 159 (11) | 93 (10.6) | 66 (11.6) | .547 |
| Bifascicular block | 37 (2.6) | 28 (3.2) | 9 (1.6) | .059 |
| Trifascicular block | 34 (2.4) | 21 (2.4) | 13 (2.3) | .897 |
| Alternating block | 11 (0.8) | 6 (0.7) | 5 (0.9) | .675 |
| Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome | 23 (1.6) | 17 (1.9) | 6 (1.1) | .191 |
| AVN ablation | 8 (0.6) | 6 (0.7) | 2 (0.1) | .406 |
| Carotid sinus hypersensitivity | 3 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | .832 |
| Clinical situation/severity | ||||
| Heart rate, bpm | 40 ± 21 | 41 ± 24 | 40 ± 20 | .023 |
| Creatinine clearance, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 63.3 ± 36.7 | 65.2 ± 37.1 | 61.1 ± 37.3 | .050 |
| NT-proBNP, pg/mL | 1.230 ± 3.330 | 1.012 ± 2.885 | 1.429 ± 4.846 | .010 |
| LVEF, % | 60 ± 5 | 60 ± 6.5 | 60 ± 5 | .039 |
| ICU requirement | 445 (32.4) | 276 (33.2) | 169 (31.3) | .468 |
| Age in ICU, y | 79.2 ± 12.6 | 79.7 ± 13.6 | 79 ± 12 | .900 |
| Vasoactive drug requirement | 383 (26.5) | 200 (22.8) | 183 (32.2) | .001 |
| Temporary PM requirement | 228 (15.8) | 137 (15.6) | 91 (16) | .734 |
| Implantation and hospital stay | ||||
| Total days of hospitalization | 4 ± 6 | 4 ± 6 | 3 ± 5 | < .001 |
| Days to implantation | 2 ± 3 | 2 ± 4 | 1 ± 3 | < .001 |
| Days hospitalized following implantation | 1 ± 2 | 1 ± 2 | 1 ± 2 | < .001 |
| Pacing mode | .524 | |||
| AAI | 3 (0.2) | 3 (0.2) | 0 | .284 |
| VVI | 532 (36.8) | 321 (36.6) | 211 (37.1) | .834 |
| VDD | 53 (3.7) | 35 (4) | 18 (3.2) | .417 |
| DDD | 827 (57.2) | 504 (57.5) | 323 (56.9) | .821 |
| CRT | 26 (1.8) | 13 (1.5) | 13 (2.3) | .226 |
| Complications | 64 (4.4) | 43 (4.9) | 21 (3.7) | .276 |
| Pericardial effusion | 4 (0.3) | 3 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) | .487 |
| Perforation | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 0 | .607 |
| Displacement | 24 (1.7) | 17 (1.9) | 7 (1.2) | .305 |
| Hematoma | 18 (1.2) | 11 (1.3) | 7 (1.2) | .971 |
| Pneumothorax | 11 (0.8) | 7 (0.8) | 4 (0.7) | .552 |
| Death | 6 (0.4) | 4 (0.5) | 2 (0.4) | .559 |
AF, atrial fibrillation; AVN, atrioventricular node; CRT, cardiac resynchronization therapy; DM, diabetes mellitus; ECG, electrocardiogram; HT, hypertension; ICU, intensive care unit; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NT-proBNP, amino-terminal fraction of brain pro-natriuretic peptide; PM, pacemaker.
Values are expressed as No. (%) or mean ± standard deviation.